Similar to the previous clinical case, the soft tissue tumor was...Figure 3.53 Oral leukoplakia in the alveolar ridge of the maxilla before exc...Figure 3.54 Oral leukoplakia of the tongue (a) and mouth floor (b); charring...Figure 3.55 Leukoplakia of the gingiva (a); removal of the lesion using a COFigure 3.56 Leukoplakia of the gingiva (a); coagulation after laser excision...Figure 3.57 Oral leukoplakia in the interdental papilla (a); excision with a...Figure 3.58 Oral leukoplakia at the right side of the tongue (a); excision u...Figure 3.59 Soft tissue tumor in a patient with von Willebrand disease befor...Figure 3.60 Schematic illustration of the ice cube technique in conjunction ...Figure 3.61 Vascular lesion of the buccal mucosa (a); coagulation using the ...Figure 3.62 Hemangiomas of the lower lip (a); the lesions were coagulated us...Figure 3.63 Multiple telangiectasias on the skin before (a, b) and after (c,...Figure 3.64 Hemangioma of the lip (a) in a size larger than the width of a t...Figure 3.65 Conventional method of coagulation of the hemangioma of the tong...Figure 3.66 Large hemangioma on the tongue (a) coagulated with the intralumi...Figure 3.67 Hemangioma of the oral mucosa (a) irradiated with the ice cube t...Figure 3.68 Hemangioma of the lower lip (a, b) removed with a diode laser an...Figure 3.69 Initial clinical demonstration of a large hemangioma of the oral...Figure 3.70 Before surgery (a) and laser irradiation (b); three weeks post (...Figure 3.71 Before, during, and after treatment (five months post‐op).Figure 3.72 Hemangioma of the upper lip associated with esthetic concerns (a...Figure 3.73 Amalgam tattoo removal (a) using a pulsed Nd:YAG laser (b); the ...Figure 3.74 Removal of a nevus in the upper lip (a) using an Nd:YAG laser (b...Figure 3.75 Pericoronitis around tooth#17 (a); excision of the mucosa with a...Figure 3.76 Unerupted tooth (a) exposed with a CO2 laser (b) after placement...Figure 3.77 CO2 laser‐assisted surgical exposure of an impacted tooth for or...Figure 3.78 Surgical exposure of an impacted tooth for orthodontic reasons u...Figure 3.79 Surgical exposure of an impacted tooth for orthodontic reasons u...Figure 3.80 A deeply localized salivary stone was palpated in the submandibu...4 Chapter 4Figure 4.1 Comparison of the osteotomies performed by Lindemann bur, piezosu...Figure 4.2 Electron microscopic analysis of an osteotomy using Er:YAG laser ...Figure 4.3 Electron microscopic analysis of an osteotomy using Er,Cr:YSGG la...Figure 4.4a Bone removal using an Er:YAG laser (Hoya, Japan).Figure 4.4b Osteotomy site presenting a smooth surface after exostosis remov...Figure 4.4c Bone specimen removed with the Er:YAG laser presenting areas of ...Figure 4.5a Preparation of an exostosis (tori mandibularis) after elevation ...Figure 4.5b Osteotomy procedure for removal of a lingual exostosis using an ...Figure 4.6 Crown lengthening using an Er:YAG laser for osseous reduction and...Figure 4.7 Window preparation for sinus augmentation using an Er,Cr:YSGG las...Figure 4.8 Preparation of the cortical layer of the alveolar ridge using an ...Figure 4.9 Minimal invasive removal of an implant using an Er:YAG laser (Hoy...Figure 4.10 Block section using an Er:YAG laser (Hoya Conbio, Versawave, Tok...Figure 4.11 Bone splitting using the Er,Cr:YSGG laser (Waterlase® MD) w...
5 Chapter 5Figure 5.1 Removal of calculus in vitro using a new laser with wavelength of...Figure 5.2 Calculus removal using the Er:YAG laser on an extracted tooth....Figure 5.3 Removal of the long junctional epithelium in ex vivo conditions i...Figure 5.4 Mean PPD over time and mean CAL over time. Clinical parameters af...Figure 5.5 Schematic illustration of the laser fiber movement within the poc...Figure 5.6 Schematic illustration of the periodontal wound healing after las...Figure 5.7 CO2 laser irradiation in the pocket as well as deepithelializatio...Figure 5.8 Schematic illustration of the laser tip within the pocket for rem...Figure 5.9 Removal of the oral epithelium after CO2 laser irradiation (a) us...Figure 5.10 Laser‐assisted guided tissue regeneration (LA‐GTR) for pocket re...Figure 5.11 Deep periodontal pocket of 7 mm (a), which was treated with this...Figure 5.12 Advanced gingiva hyperplasia caused by a hydantoin medication (a...Figure 5.13 Gingival hyperplasia associated with cyclosporin‐A (CyS‐A) and n...Figure 5.14 Periodontal nonsurgical therapy in a patient with stage 1 period...Figure 5.15 Donor site of a free keratinized gingival graft (a) and adequate...Figure 5.16 Pulsed diode laser 2 W for laser‐assisted SRP (a); noncontact di...Figure 5.17 Insufficient vestibule depth (a); frenectomy performed with a COFigure 5.18 Gingival tumor in a pregnant patient (a); the diode laser excise...Figure 5.19 Crown lengthening procedure (a) with the pulsed Nd:YAG laser (b)...Figure 5.20 Diastema in the anterior maxilla before treatment (a, b); soft t...Figure 5.21a and b Periodontal condition before treatment and probing of the...Figure 5.21c and d Probing and soft tissue coagulation after osseous reconto...Figure 5.21e Clinical outcome four months after surgery demonstrating excell...Figure 5.22a and b Pre‐op clinical condition (a) and marking of the exact le...Figure 5.22c and d Gingivectomy using the guide (c) and submarginal laser‐as...Figure 5.22e and f Gingival margin after gingivectomy (e); laser‐assisted os...Figure 5.22g Laser‐assisted frenectomy.Figure 5.22h Two‐month postoperative clinical photo.Figure 5.22i Six‐month postoperative clinical photo. An implant at #10 was p...Figure 5.23a and b Mandibular teeth pre‐op.Figure 5.23c and d Laser‐assisted gingivectomy using the guide.Figure 5.23e and f Laser‐assisted gingivectomy and osseous recontouring usin...Figure 5.23g and h Osseous recontouring using the Er:YAG laser tip and gingi...Figure 5.23i Probing depths of 3 mm establish proper supra‐crestal soft tiss...Figure 5.23j Final result 4 months after surgery.Figure 5.24 Pre‐op clinical condition (a); surgical guide determining the ex...Figure 5.25 Clinical periodontal condition before digital impression (a); th...Figure 5.26 Fractional photothermolysis using glass fiber of a 980 nm diode ...Figure 5.27 Diode laser‐assisted pocket debridement (a) and fractional photo...Figure 5.28a–f Preoperative clinical (a–c) and radiological condition (d) wi...Figure 5.28g and h Preoperative radiological condition (#9) with severe bone...Figure 5.28i and j Preoperative radiological condition (#10) with severe bon...Figure 5.29 Preoperative condition with severe attachment loss (a), with las...Figure 5.30a and b 8 mm initial probing depth on the mesial aspect of the ri...Figure 5.30c Cause‐related laser‐assisted nonsurgical periodontal therapy wa...Figure 5.30d and e Clinical aspect of the case at one year follow‐up recall ...Figure 5.30f and g At eight‐year follow‐up recall appointment, the probing r...Figure 5.30h and i Comparative clinical images one year (h) and eight years ...Figure 5.30j and k Comparative periapical radiographs, made at baseline (j) ...Figure 5.31a and b Clinical aspect pre‐ (a) and six years post‐ (b) from cau...Figure 5.31c and d Clinical aspect pre‐ (c) and six years post‐ (d) from cau...Figure 5.31e and f Comparative periapical radiographs taken at baseline (e) ...Figure 5.31g–i Cause‐related laser‐assisted nonsurgical periodontal therapy ...Figure 5.31j and k The treatment in each site takes 30 seconds, preceded and...Figure 5.32a Initial clinical aspect.Figure 5.32b Full mouth radiological status, executed immediately after the ...Figure 5.32c On the lingual appearance of the mandibular incisors, abundant ...Figure 5.32d At the first visit, the biometric periodontal indexes are colle...Figure 5.32e On the distal aspect of the mandibular right lateral incisor, a...Figure 5.32f The periodontal probe, kept oblique to the vertical axis of the...Figure 5.32g Clinical aspect of the case following comprehensive nonsurgical...Figure 5.32h With only one professional oral hygiene session, it was possibl...Figure 5.32i On the distal aspect of the right maxillary first molar, 7 mm p...Figure 5.32j In the periapical radiograph, a calculus spicola on the mesial ...Figure 5.32k Considering the probing depth ≥ 6mm, the use of a diode laser i...Figure 5.32l Nonsurgical periodontal instrumentation with universal curette ...Figure 5.32m Ultrasonic instrumentation (Combi, Mectron S.p.A., Ge, Italy) i...Figure 5.32n Etiological therapy essentially consists of two main phases: no...Figure 5.32o At a recall appointment, one year after the initial cause-relat...Figure 5.32p A periapical radiograph is taken to confirm a condition of clin...Figure 5.32q Initial periapical radiograph at the left maxillary molars. A l...Figure 5.32r The periodontal probe detects 7mm on the distal aspect of the l...Figure 5.32s Also, in this site, as in the contralateral site (see figure 5....Figure 5.32t Nonsurgical periodontal instrumentation remains absolutely esse...Figure 5.32u A universal curette (Universal curette ENACARE, Micerium,
