The Anatomy of Melancholy. Robert Burton
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[Symbol: Aries] Melancholy: in which consider
Its Equivocations, in Disposition, Improper, &c. Subsect. 5.
Memb. 2. To its explication, a digression of anatomy, in which observe parts of Subs. 1. Body hath parts Subs. 2. contained as Humours, 4. Blood, Phlegm, &c. Spirits; vital, natural, animal.
or containing
Similar; spermatical, or flesh, bones, nerves, &c. Subs. 3. Dissimilar; brain, heart, liver, &c. Subs. 4.
Soul and its faculties, as
Vegetal. Subs. 5. Sensible. Subs. 6, 7, 8. Rational. Subsect. 9, 10, 11.
Memb. 3. Its definition, name, difference, Subs. 1. The part and parties affected, affection, &c. Subs. 2. The matter of melancholy, natural, &c. Subs. 3. Species, or kinds [Subs. 4.], which are Proper to parts, as Of the head alone, hypochondriacal, or windy melancholy. Of the whole body. with their several causes, symptoms, prognostics, cures
Or Indefinite; as Love-melancholy, the subject of the third
Partition.
Its Causes in general. Sect. 2. A. Its Symptoms or signs. Sect. 3. B. Its Prognostics or indications. Sect. 4. C. Its Cures; the subject of the second Partition.
A. Sect. 2. Causes of Melancholy are either
General, as Memb. 1.
Supernatural
As from God immediately, or by second causes. Subs. 1.
Or from the devil immediately, with a digression of the nature of
spirits and devils. Subs. 2.
Or mediately, by magicians, witches. Subs. 3.
Or Natural
Primary, as stars, proved by aphorisms, signs from physiognomy, metoposcopy, chiromancy. Subs. 4.
Or Secondary, as
Congenite, inward from
Old age, temperament, Subs. 5. Parents, it being an hereditary disease, Subs. 6.
Or Outward or adventitious, which are
Evident, outward, remote, adventitious, as,
Necessary, see [Symbol: Taurus].
Not necessary, as M. 4. S. 2. Nurses, Subs. 1. Education, Subs. 2. Terrors, affrights, Subs. 3. Scoffs, calumnies, bitter jests, Subs. 4. Loss of liberty, servitude, imprisonment, Subs. 5. Poverty and want, _Subs. 6. A heap of other accidents, death of friends, loss, &c. Subs. 7.
Or Contingent, inward, antecedent, nearest. Memb. 5. Sect. 2.
In which the body works on the mind, and this malady
is caused by precedent diseases; as agues, pox,
&c., or temperature, innate Subs. 1.
Or by particular parts distempered, as brain, heart,
spleen, liver, mesentery, pylorus, stomach &c.
Subs. 2.
Particular to the three species. See [Symbol: Gemini].
[Symbol: Gemini] Particular causes. Sect. 2. Memb. 5.
Of head Melancholy are Subs. 3.
Inward
Innate humour, or from temperature adjust.
A hot brain, corrupted blood in the brain
Excess of venery, or defect
Agues, or some precedent disease
Fumes arising from the stomach, &c.
Or Outward
Heat of the sun, immoderate
A blow on the head
Overmuch use of hot wines, spices, garlic, onions, hot baths,
overmuch waking, &c.
Idleness, solitariness, or overmuch study, vehement labour, &c.
Passions, perturbations, &c.
Of hypochondriacal or windy melancholy are, [Subs. 4.]
Inward
Default of spleen, belly, bowels, stomach, mesentery, miseraic
veins, liver, &c.
Months or hemorrhoids stopped, or any other ordinary evacuation
or Outward
Those six non-natural things abused.
Over all the body are, Subs. 5.
Inward
Liver distempered, stopped, over-hot, apt to engender melancholy,
temperature innate.
or Outward
Bad diet, suppression of hemorrhoids &c. and such evacuations,
passions, cares, &c. those six non-natural things abused.
[Symbol: Taurus] Necessary causes, as those six non-natural things, which are, Sect. 2 Memb. 2.
Diet offending in Subs. 1.
Substance
Bread; course and black, &c.
Drink; thick, thin, sour, &c.
Water unclean, milk, oil, vinegar, wine, spices &c.
Flesh
Parts: heads, feet, entrails, fat, bacon, blood, &c.
Kinds:
Beef, pork, venison, hares, goats, pigeons, peacocks,
fen-fowl, &c.
Herbs, Fish, &c.
Of fish; all shellfish, hard and slimy fish, &c.
Of herbs; pulse, cabbage, melons, garlic, onions, &c.