in 1865, to Mary Elizabeth, daughter of the late M. B. Marckwald, a merchant of New York. He has only one child living—Freeman Berton, who is in an office in New York.
Sutherland, Rev. Alexander, D.D., Toronto. No man is more widely known throughout this Dominion as an able preacher, a keen debater, a leader in the church courts of his own denomination, and a man of general sympathies and influence in the community, than the subject of this sketch. And his high position he owes to no favouritism of friends or fortune, but, under God, to the native abilities which his strong will and consecrated heart have guided into channels of general usefulness. Alexander Sutherland was born in the township of Guelph, Ontario, September 17th, 1833. His father was Captain Nicholas Sutherland, born in Dundee, Scotland; and his mother, Mary Henderson, a native of Port Glasgow. The family settled in the township of Guelph in 1832. Amid the hardships of pioneer life, opportunities for scholarships were few, and the now learned doctor’s early education was confined to a few terms in a backwood’s school. His good Scotch parents, however, early planted within him a love of learning, and that process of self-culture was begun which has continued through life. As a child he was able to read fluently before ever going to school. When he was nine years of age his father died; and, at thirteen years of age, he was forced to leave home and earn his own living. For seven years he was a printer, and during those years, as indeed from earliest boyhood, he read with avidity whatever came in his way. Thus were those stores of information accumulated which have helped to make their possessor a ready speaker and a formidable opponent on so many diverse subjects and occasions. When about sixteen years old he became connected with a Methodist Sunday-school, and also with temperance organizations, in which he was repeatedly presiding officer. “The child” was indeed “father of the man.” In his nineteenth year he was converted and became a member of the Methodist church. His ability soon displayed itself in connection with the class-meeting and other services of the church, and before long he was licensed as an “exhorter” and then as a “local preacher.” In the year 1855 there was urgent demand for ministers in the Methodist church, and Alexander Sutherland was persuaded to go out “under the chairman,” Rev. L. Warner. He was sent to Clinton, at that time an old-fashioned circuit, thirty miles in length by perhaps eighteen in width, including about twenty preaching services every month. Travelling such an extensive round, preaching so frequently, and at the same time pursuing the Conference course of study requisite before ordination, the young preacher found written preparation for the pulpit impossible, but gained in this hard practical school of oratory an invaluable training in extempore utterance. The next two years were spent on the Berlin circuit. In 1858, young Sutherland enjoyed one year of college training at Victoria College, Cobourg. In 1859 he was received into full connection with the Conference and ordained. In June of the same year he was married to Mary Jane, eldest daughter of Hugh Moore, of Dundas. Of this happy union four sons and three daughters have been the issue. Of the sons, two died in early boyhood. After his marriage, Dr. Sutherland’s pastoral charges were in order—Niagara, Thorold, Drummondville, Hamilton, Yorkville, Richmond street, Toronto, and St. James street, Montreal. During his residence in Toronto he took a very active and efficient part in Sunday-school and temperance work. For some time he was president of the Ontario Temperance and Prohibitory League. His temperance sermons and other efforts in behalf of this cause will not be soon forgotten by those who came under their influence. In 1869 he was elected secretary of Conference, and was re-elected the following year. In 1871 he was appointed, with the Rev. Dr. Sanderson, fraternal delegate to the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, in the United States, which met in Brooklyn in 1872. On this occasion, and on all similar occasions, Dr. Sutherland has done great credit to his church and to his country. In 1873 he was appointed pastor of the St. James street Church, Montreal, and at the Conference of 1874 was elected chairman of the Montreal district. But the Montreal pastorate was brief. At the first General Conference of the Methodist church of Canada, September, 1874, Dr. Sutherland was elected general secretary and clerical treasurer of the Missionary Society, as successor to the Rev. Lachlin Taylor, D.D. This is one of the highest honours in the gift of the Methodist church; the office is one of arduous toil, but affords scope for high abilities. Since that day, Dr. Sutherland has travelled from Newfoundland and the Bermudas to British Columbia, superintending the missionary work and stimulating the missionary zeal of the Methodist church; has for several years published that admirable missionary journal The Missionary Outlook, and has succeeded in increasing the annual income of the society from $118,000 to nearly $200,000. The increased labours of his office have not prevented the missionary secretary from taking an active interest in all the enterprises of the church, and his voice has rung out clear and loud on every great question that has recently agitated the Methodist community. To him more than to any other man does the church owe the success of that mighty movement which culminated in 1883 in the union of all branches of Methodism in this dominion. With tongue and pen he eloquently, earnestly and constantly pleaded for consolidation; and, when all seemed hanging in the balance, his admirable generalship and eloquence in the memorable Union debate in the Toronto Conference, Peterborough, June, 1883, constrained victory to the union side. To have played such a part at such a crisis is no mean claim to grateful and unfading memory. In 1882 Dr. Sutherland was elected president of the Toronto Conference, and again in 1884. In 1881 he was one of the Canadian representatives at the great Methodist Œcumenical Conference, London, England, and was made one of the joint secretaries of that august body. In 1886 he was appointed fraternal delegate to the British Wesleyan Conference, in place of Rev. Dr. Rice, general superintendent, deceased. Dr. Sutherland’s literary activity has been, so far, confined to newspaper and magazine articles and brief pamphlets on questions of the day. His incisive style, his permeating humour, his wide information, his keen insight, render his writing and his speaking alike powerful. A man of immense energy, he has done much to mould the thought and guide the work of his church already, and bids fair to remain one of her most influential leaders for years to come. In May, 1879, the University of Victoria College conferred upon him the well deserved degree of Doctor in Divinity.
Beckwith, Hon. John Adolphus. The late Hon. Mr. Beckwith was born at Fredericton, New Brunswick, on December 1st, 1800, and died November 23rd, 1880. His father, Nehemiah Beckwith, was a loyalist, settled in Fredericton, and built sloops in partnership with the celebrated Benedict Arnold, who, at that time, also resided in Fredericton. Nehemiah Beckwith was married at Fredericton, to Julie Louise LeBrun, a daughter of Jean Baptiste LeBrun, barrister, and proctor at law, etc., of Quebec. Miss LeBrun came to Fredericton from Quebec with the family of Sir Guy Carleton, in the capacity of companion and French governess to Miss Carleton. About 1813, Nehemiah Beckwith purchased a large tract of land in the suburbs of Montreal from Count du Chaillu (father of the great explorer and historian), but his death very soon after, before the deeds were completed, lost him the property and purchase money. This property is now a valuable part of the City of Montreal. Mrs. Beckwith (neé LeBrun) was cousin to Cardinal Richelieu, and aunt to L’Abbé Ferland, professeur d’Histoire, University Laval, Quebec. Hon. John A. Beckwith was cousin to l’Abbé Ferland. Hon. Mr. Beckwith commenced his studies in the old Fredericton Grammar School, and completed them in Montreal and Quebec, graduating as a surveyor and engineer. He was connected with the militia from early manhood, and was for some years in command of the 1st battalion York Militia. For several years he was deputy surveyor general, before responsible government, and was commissioner of the N.B. & N.S. Land Company, from 1860 till his death. He served as mayor of Fredericton in 1863 and 1864, and represented York county in the local legislature from 1866 to 1873, holding the office of provincial secretary and receiver general from 1868 to 1873, when he was appointed to a seat in the Legislative Council. Mr. Beckwith ever took an active interest in the advance of agriculture, and was always one of the committee in Provincial exhibitions. He was at one time grand master of the Orange body of New Brunswick. In religious matters he was a member of the Church of England. He was first married in 1822, to Ann Jewett; and married a second time in 1837, to Maria Ann Berton, whose father, a son of a loyalist, was the first sheriff of York county. His second wife survived him four years.
Macfarlane, Thomas, Chief Analyst, Inland Revenue Department, Ottawa, Ontario, was born on the 5th March, 1834, at Pollokshaws, parish of Eastwood, county of Renfrew, Scotland. His father, Thomas Macfarlane, was a native of Pollokshaws, and his mother, Catherine, was born in the adjoining parish of Mearns. Mr. Macfarlane, jr., was educated in Pollokshaws, at the Andersonian
