as Part of Logic
The Seven Millennium Prize Problems
HOW TO USE THIS BOOK
The Little Book of Mathematical Principles, Theories, & Things is an easy-to-use comprehensive guide to mathematics. It features over 130 entries on key principles or theories essential to understanding the subject. Written in an easily accessible manner, the Little Book explains sometimes very difficult concepts and theories, putting them in their historical context, giving background information on the experts who proposed them in the first place, analysing influences and proposing, where relevant, links to other related entries. The book also features tables, equations and illustrations, and ends with a glossary, and a comprehensive index.
The Little Book of Mathematical Principles, Theories, & Things is arranged chronologically and the country of origin is listed, where appropriate. Each entry includes a clear main heading, the person or people responsible for the discovery, birth and death dates, where relevant, followed by a short introductory paragraph explaining the concept concisely. In some cases, the main essay is also cross referenced to linked subjects. The key on the opposite page explains the order of information in each entry.
3000 BC Global
Writing Numbers
The place value system uses only a finite number of symbols to write any number.
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In some number systems, there are different symbols for each power of 10. In a place value system, only a small number of symbols are used.
In the Ancient Egyptian number system, dating from about 3000 BC, there were symbols for units, symbols for 10s, and so on. The number 365 was written:
