alfalfa plant, page 1; alfalfa flowers
Eric Holub, University of Wisconsin aphanomyces, seedling
Jeffrey S. Jacobsen, Montana State University nutrient deficiencies—all except boron leaf (from Diagnosis of Nutrient Deficiencies in Alfalfa and Wheat)
Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. alfalfa closeups; cover photo ; cow; inside cover
Lanie Rhodes, Ohio State University black stem, leaves; common leaf spot; lepto leaf spot
Marlin E. Rice, Iowa State University alfalfa weevil, blister beetles; clover leaf weevils; grasshopper; pea aphids; plant bug, adults; potato leafhopper, adult; spittlebug; variegated cutworm
Judy A. Thies, USDA-ARS root-lesion nematodes
John Wedberg, University of Wisconsin alfalfa blotch leafminer; clover root curculio, damage
Thanks also to Bruce Gossen and R´eal Michaud, research scientists at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, for their contributions to the disease maps.
This publication is a joint effort of: University of Wisconsin-Extension, Cooperative Extension
Minnesota Extension Service, University of Minnesota
Iowa State UniversityCooperative Extension Service
Published by:
American Society of Agronomy, Inc.
Crop Science Society of America, Inc.
Soil Science Society of America, Inc.
© 2015 by American Society of Agronomy, Inc., Crop Science Society of America, Inc., and Soil Science Society of America, Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted without permission from the publishers.
The views expressed in this publication represent those of the individual Editors and Authors. These views do not necessarily reflect endorsement by the Publisher(s). In addition, trade names are sometimes mentioned in this publication. No endorsement of these products by the Publisher(s) is intended, nor is any criticism implied of similar products not mentioned.
ISBN: 978-0-89118-347-1
Library of Congress Control Number: 2015956808
Editor: Lisa Al-AmoodiDesigner: Patricia Scullion
Editor previous editions: Linda DeithDesigner previous editions: Susan Anderson
Printed in the USA.
Profitable forage production depends on high yields. Land, machinery, and most other operating costs stay the same whether harvesting 3 tons per acre or 6 tons per acre. Top yields in the northern United States have approached 10 tons per acre while average yields are around 3 tons per acre. This booklet describes what it takes to move from a 3-ton yield to 6 or 9 tons per acre.
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