below poverty line:16.7% (2000 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 4.4% highest 10%: 25% (1995)
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
34.4 (2001)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
9.5% (2004 est.)
Investment (gross fixed):
15.8% of GDP (2004 est.)
Budget:
revenues: $15.42 billion
expenditures: $20.76 billion, including capital expenditures of $2.7
billion (2004 est.)
Public debt:
102.7% of GDP (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products:
cotton, rice, corn, wheat, beans, fruits, vegetables; cattle, water
buffalo, sheep, goats
Industries:
textiles, food processing, tourism, chemicals, hydrocarbons,
construction, cement, metals
Industrial production growth rate:
2.5% (2004 est.)
Electricity - production:
81.27 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 81% hydro: 19% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)
Electricity - consumption:
75.58 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports:
0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports:
0 kWh (2002)
Oil - production:
740,000 bbl/day (2004 est.)
Oil - consumption:
562,000 bbl/day (2001 est.)
Oil - exports:
NA
Oil - imports:
NA
Oil - proved reserves:
2.7 billion bbl (2004 est.)
Natural gas - production:
21.2 billion cu m (2001 est.)
Natural gas - consumption:
21.2 billion cu m (2001 est.)
Natural gas - exports:
0 cu m (2001 est.)
Natural gas - imports:
0 cu m (2001 est.)
Natural gas - proved reserves:
1.264 trillion cu m (2004)
Current account balance:
$2.113 billion (2004 est.)
Exports:
$11 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Exports - commodities:
crude oil and petroleum products, cotton, textiles, metal products,
chemicals
Exports - partners:
Italy 11.9%, US 10.8%, UK 7%, Syria 6.2%, Germany 4.7%, Spain 4.2%
(2004)
Imports:
$19.21 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Imports - commodities:
machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, chemicals, wood products, fuels
Imports - partners:
US 12.2%, Germany 7%, Italy 6.6%, France 5.7%, China 5.4%, UK 4.7%,
Saudi Arabia 4.1% (2004)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
$14.03 billion (2004 est.)
Debt - external:
$33.75 billion (2004 est.)
Economic aid - recipient:
ODA, $1.12 billion (2002)
Currency (code):
Egyptian pound (EGP)
Currency code:
EGP
Exchange rates:
Egyptian pounds per US dollar - 6.1963 (2004), 5.8509 (2003),
4.4997 (2002), 3.973 (2001), 3.4721 (2000)
Fiscal year:
1 July - 30 June
Communications Egypt
Telephones - main lines in use:
9.6 million (2005)
Telephones - mobile cellular:
8,583,940 (2005)
Telephone system:
general assessment: large system; underwent extensive upgrading
during 1990s and is reasonably modern; Internet access and cellular
service are available
domestic: principal centers at Alexandria, Cairo, Al Mansurah,
Ismailia, Suez, and Tanta are connected by coaxial cable and
microwave radio relay
international: country code - 20; satellite earth stations - 2
Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean), 1 Arabsat, and 1
Inmarsat; 5 coaxial submarine cables; tropospheric scatter to Sudan;
microwave radio relay to Israel; a participant in Medarabtel
Radio broadcast stations:
