billion (2007 est.)
Exports:
$4.162 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.)
Exports - commodities:
gold, cocoa, timber, tuna, bauxite, aluminum, manganese ore, diamonds, horticulture
Exports - partners:
Netherlands 11%, UK 9%, France 6.2%, US 5.9%, Germany 4.6%, Belgium 4.4% (2007)
Imports:
$8.053 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.)
Imports - commodities:
capital equipment, petroleum, foodstuffs
Imports - partners:
Nigeria 15.1%, China 14.9%, UK 5.2%, US 5.1% (2007)
Economic aid - recipient:
$1.316 billion in loans and grants (2007)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
$2.204 billion (31 December 2007 est.)
Debt - external:
$4.891 billion (31 December 2007 est.)
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
$NA
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
$NA
Market value of publicly traded shares:
$13.01 billion (2007)
Currency (code):
Ghana cedi (GHC)
Currency code:
GHC
Exchange rates:
cedis (GHC) per US dollar - 0.95 (2007), 9,174.8 (2006), 9,072.5 (2005), 9,004.6 (2004), 8,677.4 (2003) note: in 2007 Ghana revalued its currency with 10,000 old cedis equal to 1 new cedis
Communications
Ghana
Telephones - main lines in use:
376,500 (2007)
Telephones - mobile cellular:
7.604 million (2007)
Telephone system:
general assessment: outdated and unreliable fixed-line infrastructure heavily concentrated in Accra; competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with subscribership about 35 per 100 persons and rising domestic: primarily microwave radio relay; wireless local loop has been installed international: country code - 233; landing point for the SAT-3/WASC fiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe and Asia; satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors (2007)
Radio broadcast stations:
AM 0, FM 86, shortwave 3 (2007)
Radios:
12.5 million (2001)
Television broadcast stations:
7 (2007)
Televisions:
1.9 million (2001)
Internet country code:
.gh
Internet hosts:
24,018 (2008)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
12 (2000)
Internet users:
650,000 (2007)
Transportation
Ghana
Airports:
12 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways:
total: 7 over 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
total: 5 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 2 (2007)
Pipelines:
oil 13 km; refined products 316 km (2007)
Railways:
total: 953 km narrow gauge: 953 km 1.067-m gauge (2006)
Roadways:
total: 62,221 km paved: 9,955 km unpaved: 52,266 km (2006)
Waterways:
1,293 km note: 168 km for launches and lighters on Volta, Ankobra, and Tano rivers; 1,125 km of arterial and feeder waterways on Lake Volta (2007)
Merchant marine:
total: 4 by type: petroleum tanker 1, refrigerated cargo 3 foreign-owned: 1 (Brazil 1) (2008)
Ports and terminals:
Tema
Military
Ghana
Military branches:
Ghanaian Army, Ghanaian Navy, Ghanaian Air Force (2007)
Military service age and obligation:
18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2008)
Manpower available for military service:
males age 16–49: 5,802,096 females age 16–49: 5,729,939 (2008 est.)
Manpower fit for military service:
males age 16–49: 3,737,481 females age 16–49: 3,729,699 (2008 est.)
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:
male: 273,265 female: 267,204 (2008 est.)
Military expenditures:
0.8% of GDP (2006 est.)
Transnational
