products, metals and metallic ores, electricity, oil, vegetables, fruits, tobacco;
partners—Italy, Yugoslavia, FRG, Greece, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary
_#_Imports: $255 million (f.o.b., 1987 est.);
commodities—machinery, machine tools, iron and steel products, textiles, chemicals, pharmaceuticals;
partners—Italy, Yugoslavia, FRG, Czechoslovakia, Romania, Poland, Hungary, Bulgaria, GDR
_#_External debt: $NA
_#_Industrial production: growth rate NA
_#_Electricity: 1,690,000 kW capacity; 5,000 million kWh produced, 1,530 kWh per capita (1990)
_#_Industries: food processing, textiles and clothing, lumber, oil, cement, chemicals, basic metals, hydropower
_#_Agriculture: arable land per capita among lowest in Europe; one-half of work force engaged in farming; produces wide range of temperate-zone crops and livestock; claims self-sufficiency in grain output
_#_Economic aid: Western (non-US) countries, ODA (1988) $5.8 million
_#_Currency: lek (plural—leke); 1 lek (L) = 100 qintars
_#_Exchange rates: leke (L) per US$1—8.00 (noncommercial fixed rate since 1986), 4.14 (commercial fixed rate since 1987)
_#_Fiscal year: calendar year
_*Communications #_Railroads: 543 km total; 509 1.435-meter standard gauge, single track and 34 km narrow gauge, single track (1990); line connecting Titograd (Yugoslavia) and Shkoder (Albania) completed August 1986
_#_Highways: 16,700 km total; 6,700 km highway and roads, 10,000 km forest and agricultural (1990)
_#_Inland waterways: 43 km plus Albanian sections of Lake Scutari, Lake Ohrid, and Lake Prespa (1990)
_#_Pipelines: crude oil, 145 km; refined products, 55 km; natural gas, 64 km (1988)
_#_Ports: Durres, Sarande, Vlore
_#_Merchant marine: 11 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 52,886 GRT/75,993 DWT
_#_Airports: 12 total, 10 usable; more than 5 with permanent-surface runways; more than 5 with runways 2,440–3,659 m; 5 with runways 1,220–2,439 m
_#_Telecommunications: stations—17 AM, 1 FM, 9 TV; 246,000 TVs (1990); 210,000 radios
_*Defense Forces #_Branches: Albanian People's Army, Albanian Coastal Defense Command, Air and Air Defense Force, Frontier Troops, Interior Troops
_#_Manpower availability: males 15–49, 900,723; 743,594 fit for military service; 33,497 reach military age (19) annually
_#Defense expenditures: 1.0 billion leks, NA% of GDP (FY90); note—conversion of defense expenditures into US dollars using the official administratively set exchange rate would produce misleading results % @Algeria *Geography #_Total area: 2,381,740 km2; land area: 2,381,740 km2
_#_Comparative area: slightly less than 3.5 times the size of Texas
_#_Land boundaries: 6,343 km total; Libya 982 km, Mali 1,376 km, Mauritania 463 km, Morocco 1,559 km, Niger 956 km, Tunisia 965 km, Western Sahara 42 km
_#_Coastline: 998 km
_#_Maritime claims:
Territorial sea: 12 nm
_#_Disputes: Libya claims about 19,400 km2 in southeastern Algeria
_#_Climate: arid to semiarid; mild, wet winters with hot, dry summers along coast; drier with cold winters and hot summers on high plateau; sirocco is a hot, dust/sand-laden wind especially common in summer
_#_Terrain: mostly high plateau and desert; some mountains; narrow, discontinuous coastal plain
_#_Natural resources: crude oil, natural gas, iron ore, phosphates, uranium, lead, zinc
_#_Land use: arable land 3%; permanent crops NEGL%; meadows and pastures 13%; forest and woodland 2%; other 82%; includes irrigated NEGL%
_#_Environment: mountainous areas subject to severe earthquakes; desertification
_#_Note: second-largest country in Africa (after Sudan)
_*People #_Population: 26,022,188 (July 1991), growth rate 2.5% (1991)
_#_Birth rate: 32 births/1,000 population (1991)
_#_Death rate: 7 deaths/1,000 population (1991)
_#_Net migration rate: 0 migrants/1,000 population (1991)
_#_Infant mortality rate: 57 deaths/1,000 live births (1991)
_#_Life expectancy at birth: 66 years male, 68 years female (1991)
_#_Total fertility rate: 4.2 children born/woman (1991)
_#_Nationality: noun—Algerian(s); adjective—Algerian
_#_Ethnic divisions: Arab-Berber 99%, European less than 1%
_#_Religion: Sunni Muslim (state religion) 99%, Christian and Jewish 1%
_#_Language: Arabic (official), French, Berber dialects
_#_Literacy: 50% (male 63%, female 36%) age 15 and over can read and write (1987)
_#_Labor force: 3,700,000; industry and commerce 40%, agriculture 24%, government 17%, services 10% (1984)
_#_Organized labor: 16–19% of labor force claimed; General Union of Algerian Workers (UGTA) is the only labor organization and is subordinate to the National Liberation Front
_*Government #_Long-form name: Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria
_#_Type: republic
_#_Capital: Algiers
_#_Administrative divisions: 48 provinces (wilayat, singular—wilaya);
Adrar, Ain Defla, Ain Temouchent, Alger, Annaba, Batna, Bechar,
Bejaia, Biskra, Blida, Bordj Bou Arreridj, Bouira, Boumerdes, Chlef,
Constantine, Djelfa, El Bayadh, El Oued, El Tarf, Ghardaia, Guelma,
Illizi, Jijel, Khenchela, Laghouat, Mascara, Medea, Mila, Mostaganem,
M'sila, Naama, Oran, Ouargla, Oum el Bouaghi, Relizane, Saida, Setif,
Sidi Bel Abbes, Skikda, Souk Ahras, Tamanghasset, Tebessa, Tiaret,
Tindouf, Tipaza, Tissemsilt, Tizi Ouzou, Tlemcen
_#_Independence: 5 July 1962 (from France)
_#_Constitution: 19 November 1976, effective 22 November 1976
_#_Legal system: socialist,
