the benefits of platelet transfusion for thrombocytopenic patients were recognized, interest developed in using the same strategy to provide granulocyte transfusion to treat infection in patients with neutropenia. Initial attempts involved obtaining granulocytes from patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia [55, 56]. Transfusion of these cells had clinical benefits [57], and this led to a decade of effort to develop methods to obtain granulocytes from normal donors [58]. At best, these methods produced only modest doses of granulocytes; improvements in antibiotics and general patient care have supplanted the need for granulocyte transfusions except in very limited circumstances (see Chapters 10 and 11).
1.19 Summary
Blood banking and transfusion medicine developed slowly during the 1950s but much more rapidly between the 1960s and the 1980s. Some of the important advances mentioned in this chapter were understanding blood groups and the identification of hundreds of specific red cell antigens; the development of the plastic bag system for blood collection and separation; plasma fractionation for the production of blood derivatives, especially factor VIII; improved red cell preservation; platelet preservation and transfusion; understanding hemolytic and febrile transfusion reactions; expanded testing for transmissible diseases; and the recognition of leukocyte and platelet antigen systems. Blood collection and storage is now a complex process operated much like the manufacturing of a pharmaceutical. Transfusion medicine is now the complex, sophisticated medical–technical discipline that makes possible many modern medical therapies.
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