Concise Reader in Sociological Theory. Группа авторов
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11 11 The 1891 edition has after this: “the exercise of labour power”. – Ed.
12 12 The 1891 edition has “labour power” instead of “labour”. – Ed.
13 13 The 1891 edition has “labour power” instead of “labour”. – Ed.
14 14 The 1891 edition has “labour power” instead of “labour”. – Ed.
15 15 The 1891 edition has “labour power” instead of “labour”. – Ed.
16 16 The 1891 edition has “labour power” instead of “labour”. – Ed.
17 17 The 1891 edition has “labour power” instead of “labour”. – Ed.
18 18 The 1891 edition has “not to this or that capitalist but to the capitalist class” instead of “not to this or that bourgeois but to the bourgeois class”. – Ed.
19 19 The 1891 edition has “capitalist class” instead of “bourgeois class”. – Ed.
20 20 The 1891 edition has “the buyers of labour power” and “the sellers of labour power” instead of “the buyers of labour” and “the sellers of labour”. – Ed.
21 21 The 1891 edition has “labour power” instead of “labour”. – Ed.
22 22 The 1891 edition has “labour power” instead of “labour”. – Ed.
23 23 In the 1891 edition the words “and capable of working” are added here. – Ed.
24 24 The 1891 edition has here and in the next paragraph “simple labour power” instead of “simple labour”. – Ed.
25 25 The 1891 edition has “not only act on nature but also on one another” instead of “enter into relation not only with nature”. – Ed.
26 26 The 1891 edition has “action on nature” instead of “relation with nature”. – Ed.
27 27 The 1891 edition has “labour power” instead of “labour”. – Ed.
28 28 The 1891 edition has “workers” instead of “labour”. – Ed.
29 1 The letters and words enclosed in square brackets in this sentence are indecipherable as they are covered by an inkspot.– Ed.
30 2 Here and occasionally later Marx uses the French word ouvrier. – Ed.
31 3 Cf. Adam Smith, Wealth of Nations, Vol. I, p. 230 (Garnier, t. II, p. 162). – Ed.
32 4 Unlike the quotations from a number of other French writers such as Constantin Pecqueur and Eugeˋne Buret, which Marx gives in French in this work, the excerpts from J.B. Say’s book are given in his German translation.
33 5 From this page of the manuscript quotations from Adam Smith’s book (in the French translation), which Marx cited so far sometimes in French and sometimes in German, are, as a rule, given in German. … The corresponding pages of the English edition are substituted for the French by the editor and Marx’s references are given in square brackets.
34 6 Marx uses the English word “stock”. – Ed.
35 7 The text published in small type here and below is not an exact quotation from Smith but a summary of the corresponding passages from his work. Such passages are subsequently given in small type but without quotation marks.
36 8 In the manuscript: “is”.– Ed.
37 9 In the manuscript one word cannot be deciphered. – Ed.
CHAPTER TWO EMILE DURKHEIM
CHAPTER MENU
2A The Rules of Sociological Method (Emile Durkheim)
2B Suicide: A Study in Sociology (Emile Durkheim)
Emile Durkheim, who was born in France in 1858 and died in 1917, provides sociologists with a clear blueprint of how to conduct systematic sociological analysis. If inequality and alienation are the concepts at the core of Karl Marx’s theory of modern capitalism/industrial society, their approximate opposites – interdependence and integration – are the core concepts in Durkheim’s analysis of modern society. A preoccupying question for Durkheim is: What holds society together – especially modern society which, unlike traditional society that is characterized largely by homogeneity or sameness (sameness of social backgrounds, experiences, values), is instead characterized by multiple points of fracture based on the differences among and between individuals, groups and institutions? Like Mark, Durkheim focused on the transformation wrought by modern industrialization and, in particular, on the specialized occupational division of labor that emerged with factory production, and the transition from a mostly rural, agricultural‐based social structure to the density