the risk of secondary cancer [23, 24]. In highly radioresistant tumours of the skull base, such as chordomas and chondrosarcomas, promising results could be achieved by the use of carbon ion radiotherapy, even in cases of re-irradiation [25]. Glioblastoma and pancreatic cancer, where radiotherapy is still very limited, could also be successfully treated by carbon ion radiotherapy [26–28]. However, it is still of utmost importance to evaluate the clinical opportunities of ion beam therapy, which is why its prognostic influence on the general outcome has to be further investigated in clinical trials and preclinical research.
In summary, we have witnessed tremendous advances in various fields of radiation oncology, which have contributed to the overall improved prognosis of cancer patients. These advances form the basis for current preclinical and clinical research, which will strengthen the positioning of radiation oncology as an essential pillar of oncological care.
Matthias Guckenberger, Zurich
Stephanie E. Combs, Munich
Daniel Zips,Tübingen
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