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David H. Abbott, PhD
Department of Ob/Gyn and Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin
1223 Capitol Court
Madison, WI 53711 (USA)
E-Mail [email protected]
Pasquali R, Pignatelli D (eds): Hyperandrogenism in Women. Beyond Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
Front Horm Res. Basel, Karger, 2019, vol 53, pp 18–32 (DOI: 10.1159/000494900)
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Androgens, Body Composition, and Their Metabolism Based on Sex
Vito Angelo Giagullia Marco Castellanab Carla Pelusic Vincenzo Triggiania
aSection of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari, School of Medicine, Policlinico, Bari, Italy; bRutigliano, Bari, Italy; cDivision of Endocrinology and Center for Applied Biomedical Research, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
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Abstract
Differences between males and females are commonly attributed to sexual hormones. Androgens are responsible for the development of primary and secondary sexual characteristics in males, whereas they influence sexual behaviour, glycaemic control, lipid profile, bone metabolism and erythropoiesis in both sexes. In this chapter, we discuss preclinical and clinical data on sex-specific androgen metabolism and androgen effect on body composition.
© 2019 S. Karger AG, Basel
Introduction
Androgens encompass several steroid hormones that may be de novo secreted by gonads and adrenal glands or produced in different tissues from circulating precursors. According to their natural ability to bind the androgen receptor (AR), they can be classified into 2 subgroups: the true androgens (active ones), represented by testosterone (T) and its 5α-reduced metabolite dihydrotestosterone (DHT),
