UNICEF Innocenti Framework clearly depicts the diverse drivers, determinants, and key components of the food system that each contribute to and affect the diets of children and adolescents, highlighting the numerous actors and subsequent entry points and ways in which the issue of hidden hunger and double burden of malnutrition can be addressed. Given its multifaceted and cross-cutting nature, synergy, collaboration, and coordination between various systems and actors are required. A holistic systems approach to nutrition with a “right to food” lens is highly recommended [2, 5, 13]. This approach involves interactions of the food system with four other global systems: health, water and sanitation, education, and social protection, and in doing so holds other systems and sectors that are able to provide nutrition interventions at scale accountable for nutrition of the global population. Ultimately, transformation of the food system through political, economic, nutrition-specific, and nutrition-sensitive actions is principal to ensuring the delivery of safe, affordable, and sustainable food worldwide, especially to the most vulnerable. Finally, it is important to consider that efforts to address hidden hunger should incorporate actions that address overweight and obesity, including physical inactivity [28], to comprehensively tackle the double burden of malnutrition in our global population.
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
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