in thinking that death is by no means a natural necessity for all living beings. They only differ from savages in this, that whereas savages look upon death as the result of a deplorable accident, our men of science regard it as a beneficent reform instituted by nature as a means of adjusting the numbers of living beings to the quantity of the food supply, and so tending to the improvement and therefore on the whole to the happiness of the species.
Footnote 57: (return)
H. Callaway, The Religious System of the Amazulu, Part i. pp. 1, 3 sq., Part ii. p. 138; Rev. L. Grout, Zululand, or Life among the Zulu-Kafirs (Philadelphia, N.D.), pp. 148 sq.; Dudley Kidd, The Essential Kafir (London, 1904), pp. 76 sq. Compare A. F. Gardiner, Narrative of a Journey to the Zoolu Country (London, 1836), pp. 178 sq., T. Arbousset et F. Daumas, Relation d'un voyage d'Exploration au Nord-Est de la Colonie du Cap de Bonne-Espérance (Paris, 1842), p. 472; Rev. J. Shooter, The Kafirs of Natal and the Zulu Country (London, 1857), p. 159; W. H. I. Bleek, Reynard the Fox in South Africa (London, 1864), p. 74; D. Leslie, Among the Zulus and Amatongas, Second Edition (Edinburgh, 1875), p. 209; F. Speckmann, Die Hermannsburger Mission in Afrika (Hermannsburg, 1876), p. 164.
Footnote 58: (return)
J. Chapman, Travels in the Interior of South Africa (London, 1868), i. 47.
Footnote 59: (return)
E. Casalis, The Basutos (London, 1861), p. 242; E. Jacottet, The Treasury of Ba-suto Lore, i. (Morija, Basutoland, 1908), pp. 46 sqq.
Footnote 60: (return)
H. A. Junod, Les Ba-Ronga Neuchâtel (1898), pp. 401 sq.
Footnote 61: (return)
W. A. Elmslie, Among the Wild Ngoni (Edinburgh and London, 1899), p. 70.
Footnote 62: (return)
H. A. Junod and W. A. Elmslie, ll.cc.
Footnote 63: (return)
C. W. Hobley, Ethnology of A-Kamba and other East African Tribes (Cambridge, 1910), pp. 107–109.
Footnote 64: (return)
Fr. Müller, "Die Religionen Togos in Einzeldarstellungen," Anthropos, ii. (1907) p. 203. In a version of the story reported from Calabar a sheep appears as the messenger of mortality, while a dog is the messenger of immortality or rather of resurrection. See "Calabar Stories," Journal of the African Society, No. 18 (January 1906), p. 194.
Footnote 65: (return)
E. Perregaux, Chez les Achanti (Neuchâtel, 1906), pp. 198 sq.
Footnote 66: (return)
E. Perregaux, op. cit. p. 199.
Footnote 67: (return)
Sir J. E. Alexander, Expedition of Discovery into the Interior of Africa (London, 1838), i. 169; C. J. Andersson, Lake Ngami, Second Edition (London, 1856), pp. 328 sq.; W. H. I. Bleek, Reynard the Fox in South Africa (London, 1864), pp. 71–73; Th. Hahn, Tsuni-Goam, the Supreme Being of the Khoi-Khoi (London, 1881), p. 52.
Footnote 68: (return)
W. H. I. Bleek, A Brief Account of Bushman Folk-lore (London, 1875), pp. 9 sq.
Footnote 69: (return)
W. H. I. Bleek, Reynard the Fox in South Africa, pp. 69 sq.
Footnote 70: (return)
A. C. Hollis, The Masai (Oxford, 1905), pp. 271 sq.
Footnote 71: (return)
A. C. Hollis, The Nandi (Oxford, 1909), p. 98.
Footnote 72: (return)
Captain W. E. H. Barrett, "Notes on the Customs and Beliefs of the Wa-Giriama, etc., British East Africa," Journal of the R. Anthropological Institute, xli. (1911) p. 37.
Footnote 73: (return)
Th. Williams, Fiji and the Fijians, Second Edition (London, 1860), i. 205.
Footnote 74: (return)
Lettres Édifiantes et Curieuses, Nouvelle Édition, xv. (Paris, 1781) pp. 305 sq.
Footnote 75: (return)
A. W. Howitt, Native Tribes of South-East Australia (London, 1904), pp. 428 sq.
Footnote 76: (return)
Antoine Cabaton, Nouvelles Recherches sur les Chams (Paris, 1901), pp. 18 sq.
Footnote 77: (return)
Baldwin Spencer and F. J. Gillen, Northern Tribes of Central Australia (London, 1904), pp. 513 sq.
Footnote 78: (return)
Father G. Boscana, "Chinigchinich," in Life in California, by an American [A. Robinson] (New York, 1846), pp. 298 sq.
Footnote 79: (return)
Merolla, "Voyage to Congo," in J. Pinkerton's Voyages and Travels, xvi. (London, 1814) p. 273.
Footnote 80: (return)
