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Heat Stress Abatement
Body Condition Score
Methionine
Minerals and Vitamins
Summary
References
33 Cystic Ovarian Follicles
Introduction
Terminology
Incidence
Pathophysiology of COF Formation
Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment Strategies
Associations
Summary
References
34 Postpartum Anestrus and Its Management in Dairy Cattle
Introduction
Physiological Basis for Postpartum Anestrus and Resumption of Cyclicity
Nutritional Intervention
Therapeutic Intervention
Summary
References
35 Estrus Detection
Introduction
Physiology of Estrus
Signs of Estrus in Cattle
Factors Affecting Estrus Expression and Detection
Visual Observation as a Method for Estrus Detection
Artificial Insemination Based on Estrus Detection
Estrus Detection Efficiency
Estrus Detection Aids
Summary
References
36 Artificial Insemination
Introduction
Semen Tank Management
Frozen Semen Storage
Tips to Minimize Thermal Injury
Semen Thawing Method
Semen Handling After Thawing
Tips to Prevent Cold Shock in Cold Weather
Semen Straw Retrieval, Thawing, and Handling Tips
Insemination
Timing of Insemination
Summary
References
37 Pharmacological Intervention of Estrous Cycles
Introduction
Ovarian Follicular Dynamics
Pharmacological Control of New Wave Emergence
Controlling the Lifespan of the Corpus Luteum
Synchronization of Estrus
Synchronization of Ovulation
Split‐Time AI
Summary
References
38 Examination for Pregnancy: Rectal Palpation
Introduction
Cardinal Signs of Pregnancy
Supportive Signs of Pregnancy
Misdiagnosis and Differential Diagnoses
Determining the Stage of Gestation
Risks Associated with Transrectal Palpation
Summary
References
39 Examination for Pregnancy: Biochemical Tests
Introduction
Progesterone Concentration
Pregnancy‐Associated Glycoproteins
Early Pregnancy Factor
Interferon‐Stimulated Genes
Emerging Research
Summary
References
40 Ultrasound Evaluation of the Female Reproductive Tract
Introduction
Pregnancy Diagnosis
Normal Uterine and Ovarian Structures Throughout the Estrous Cycle
Ovarian Pathology
