(1990), 2.834 (1989), 0.26238 (1988), 0.03923 (1987)Fiscal year:
calendar year
:Brazil Communications
Railroads:
28,828 km total; 24,864 km 1.000-meter gauge, 3,877 km 1.600-meter gauge, 74
km mixed 1.600-1.000-meter gauge, 13 km 0.760-meter gauge; 2,360 km
electrified
Highways:
1,448,000 km total; 48,000 km paved, 1,400,000 km gravel or earth
Inland waterways:
50,000 km navigable
Pipelines:
crude oil 2,000 km; petroleum products 3,804 km; natural gas 1,095 km
Ports:
Belem, Fortaleza, Ilheus, Manaus, Paranagua, Porto Alegre, Recife, Rio de
Janeiro, Rio Grande, Salvador, Santos
Merchant marine:
245 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,693,500 GRT/9,623,918 DWT; includes
3 passenger-cargo, 49 cargo, 1 refrigerated cargo, 13 container, 9
roll-on/roll-off, 57 petroleum tanker, 15 chemical tanker, 11 liquefied gas,
14 combination ore/oil, 71 bulk, 2 combination bulk; in addition, 2 naval
tankers and 4 military transport are sometimes used commercially
Civil air:
198 major transport aircraft
Airports:
3,563 total, 2,911 usable; 420 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with
runways over 3,659 m; 22 with runways 2,240-3,659 m; 550 with runways
1,220-2,439 m
Telecommunications:
good system; extensive radio relay facilities; 9.86 million telephones;
broadcast stations - 1,223 AM, no FM, 112 TV, 151 shortwave; 3 coaxial
submarine cables, 3 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth stations and 64 domestic
satellite earth stations
:Brazil Defense Forces
Branches:
Brazilian Army, Navy of Brazil (including Marines), Brazilian Air Force,
Military Police (paramilitary)
Manpower availability:
males 15-49, 41,515,103; 27,987,257 fit for military service; 1,644,571
reach military age (18) annually
Defense expenditures:
exchange rate conversion - $1.1 billion, 0.3% of GDP (1990)
:British Indian Ocean Territory Geography
Total area:
60 km2
Land area:
60 km2; includes the island of Diego Garcia
Comparative area:
about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries:
none
Coastline:
698 km
Maritime claims:
Territorial sea:
UK announced establishment of 200-nm fishery zone in August 1991
Disputes:
the entire Chagos Archipelago is claimed by Mauritius
Climate:
tropical marine; hot, humid, moderated by trade winds
Terrain:
flat and low (up to 4 meters in elevation)
Natural resources:
coconuts, fish
Land use:
arable land 0%; permanent crops 0%; meadows and pastures 0%; forest and
woodland 0%; other 100%
Environment:
archipelago of 2,300 islands
Note:
Diego Garcia, largest and southernmost island, occupies strategic location
in central Indian Ocean; island is site of joint US-UK military facility
:British Indian Ocean Territory People
Population:
no permanent civilian population; formerly about 3,000 islanders
Ethnic divisions:
civilian inhabitants, known as the Ilois, evacuated to Mauritius before
construction of UK and US defense facilities
:British Indian Ocean Territory Government
Long-form name:
British Indian Ocean Territory (no short-form name); abbreviated BIOT
Type:
dependent territory of the UK
Capital:
none
Leaders:
Chief of State:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)
Head of Government:
Commissioner Mr. T. G. HARRIS; Administrator Mr. R. G. WELLS (since NA
1991); note - both reside in the UK
Diplomatic representation:
none (dependent territory of UK)
Flag:
white with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and six blue
wavy horizontal stripes bearing a palm tree and yellow crown centered on the
