Practical Procedures in Implant Dentistry. Группа авторов
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Sources: Al‐Faraje, L. (2013). Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy for Oral Implantology. Chicago: Quintessence Publishing Co.; Norton, N. (2007). Netter's Head and Neck Anatomy for Dentistry. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier.
Muscle | Origin | Insertion | Action | Innervation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Masseter | Zygomatic arch and maxillary process of zygomatic bone | Lateral surface of ramus of mandible | Elevation and retraction of mandible | Masseteric nerve (CN V3) |
Temporalis | Temporal fossa | Coronoid process and anterior margin of the ramus of the mandible | Elevation and retraction of the mandible | Deep temporal nerve (CN V3) |
Medial pterygoid | Medial surface of lateral plate of pterygoid process, pyramidal process of palatine bone (deep head); maxillary tuberosity, pyramidal process of palatine bone (superficial head) | Medial surface of mandible | Elevation and side‐to‐side movements of mandible | Medial pterygoid nerve (CN V3) |
Lateral pterygoid | Roof of infratemporal fossa (superior head), lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate (inferior head) | Pterygoid fovea of mandible and temporomandibular joint articular disc (superior head) and condylar process (inferior head) | Protrusion and side‐to‐side movements of mandible | Lateral pterygoid nerve (CN V3) |
Table 6.3 Muscles of facial expression summary.
Sources: Al‐Faraje, L. (2013). Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy for Oral Implantology. Chicago: Quintessence Publishing Co.; Norton, N. (2007). Netter's Head and Neck Anatomy for Dentistry. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier.
Muscle | Origin | Insertion | Action | Innervation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Orbicularis oris | Deep surface of the skin of the maxilla and mandible | Mucous membranes of the lips | Closes or purses the lips | Buccal and mandibular branches of CN VII |
Buccinator | Molar areas of the alveolar processes of maxilla and mandible | Orbicularis oris, lips, and submucosal surfaces of lips and cheeks | Keeps bolus out of vestibule, expels air from oral cavity | Buccal branch of CN VII |
Levator labii superiorus | Frontal process of the maxilla and the infraorbital margin | Skin of the upper lip | Elevates upper lip | Buccal and zygomatic branches of CN VII |
Depressor labii inferioris | Anterior area of oblique line of mandible | Middle of lower lip | Pulls lower lip inferiorly and laterally | Mandibular branch of CN VII |
Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi | Frontal process of maxilla | Alar cartilage and upper lip muscles (levator labii superioris and orbicularis oris) | Elevates the upper lip and dilates nostrils | Buccal and zygomatic branches of CN VII |
Mentalis | Frenulum of lower lip | Skin of the chin | Elevates and protrudes the lower lip | Mandibular branch of CN VII |
Risorius | Fascia superficial to the masseter muscle | Skin of the angle of the mouth | Retracts the corners of the mouth during smiling broadly and laughing | Buccal branch of CN VII |
Depressor anguli oris | Mandible below canines, premolars, and first molars | Skin of corner of mouth and orbicularis oris | Pulls the angle of the mouth inferiorly and laterally | Buccal and mandibular branches of CN VII |
Levator anguili oris | Canine fossa of maxilla inferior to infraorbital foramen | Angle of the mouth | Elevates the angle of the mouth | Zygomatic and buccal branches of CN VII |
Zygomaticus major | Zygomatic bone (lateral and posterior surfaces) | Muscles of the angle of the mouth | Pulls corner of the mouth laterally and superiorly | Zygomatic branch of CN VII |
Zygomaticus minor | Zygomatic bone (lateral and posterior surfaces) | Corner of the upper lip | Pulls upper lip superiorly | Zygomatic branch of CN VII |
Nasalis | Transverse part on maxilla Alar part on maxilla | Transverse on aponeurosis at bridge of nose Ala nasi | Compress nostrils Open nostrils | Buccal and zygomatic branches of CN VII |
Procerus | Facial aponeurosis of the lower nasal bone | Skin between eyebrows | Pulls eyebrows medially and inferiorly | Temporal and zygomatic branches of CN VII |
Orbicularis oculi | Medial orbital margin, medial palpebral ligament, and lacrimal crest | Close muscles occipitofrontalis, corrugator supercilia, eyelids | Closes eyelid | Temporal and zygomatic branches of CN VII |
Corrugator supercili | Frontal bone supraorbital ridge | Middle of the eyebrow | Draws the eyebrows medially and inferiorly | Temporal branch of CN VII |
Platysma | Skin over lower neck and upper lateral thorax |
Inferior border of mandible, skin over
|