in Engineering across the world.
Miroslav M. Begovic (FIEEE’04) is Department Head of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Carolyn S. & Tommie E. Lohman ‘59 Professor at Texas A&M University. Prior to that, he was Professor and Chair of the Electric Energy Research Group in the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and an affiliated faculty member of the Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems and University Center of Excellence in Photovoltaic Research at Georgia Tech. Dr. Begovic obtained his PhD from Virginia Tech University. His research interests are in monitoring, analysis, and control of power systems, as well as development and applications of renewable and sustainable energy systems. For the Centennial Olympic Games in 1996 in Atlanta, he designed with Professor Ajeet Rohatgi, a 340 kW photovoltaic system on the roof of Aquatic Center at Georgia Tech, which at that time was the largest roof‐mounted PV system in the world. He has been a member of the IEEE PES Power System Relaying Committee for two decades and chaired a number of its working groups. Professor Begovic was Editor of the section on Transmission Systems and Smart Grids in the Springer Encyclopedia on Sustainability (published in 2012), coordinated by an Editorial Board consisting of five Nobel Prize Laureats, has also served as guest editor of the IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution Special Issue on Wide Area Monitoring and Control in 2010, authored one section of a book, nearly 200 journal and conference papers, two IEEE special publications, and delivered more than 100 keynote and invited presentations. He authored invited papers in three Special issues of IEEE Proceedings: on Future Energy Systems (2010), on Critical Infrastructures (2005) and on Renewable Energy (2001).
Dr. Begovic is a Fellow of IEEE and member of Sigma Xi, Tau Beta Pi, Phi Kappa Phi and Eta Kappa Nu. Dr. Begovic is a former Chair of the Emerging Technologies Coordinating Committee of IEEE PES, IEEE PES Treasurer (2010–2011), IEEE PES Distinguished Lecturer, and serves as President of the IEEE Power and Energy Society.
Acknowledgments
We would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere appreciation to all the people who were directly or indirectly helpful in making this book a reality.
We are grateful to the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation) for funding many of the research projects, whose outcomes helped us in preparing a major part of this book chapters. Chapters 1, 8, 9, and 17 for NPRP grant [NPRP12S‐0226‐190 158], chapter five for NPRP grant [NPRP9‐310‐2‐134], Chapters 10, 14 and 15 for NPRP grant [NPRP10‐0101‐170 082], and Chapter 6 for NPRP grant [NPRP12S‐0214‐190 083]. The statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors.
Also, we appreciate the help from many colleagues and students for providing constructive feedback on the material and for help with the editing. Particular appreciation goes to Mohammad Saleh, Amira Mohammed, and Mohamed Massoudi.
We are indebted to our family members for their continuous support, patience, and encouragement without which this book would not have been completed.
Preface
Smart grid (SG) is an emerging area of engineering and technology which integrates electricity, communication, and information infrastructures to ensure an efficient, clean, and reliable electric energy supply. This is an extremely complex field with different disciplines and engineering areas pooled together. This book aims to cover SG technologies and their applications in a systematic and comprehensive way. Different areas of SGs have been included in this book, such as architectural aspects of the SG, renewable energy integration, power electronics domination in the SG, energy storage technologies for SG applications, smart transportation, communication and security aspects, the pivotal role of artificial intelligence toward the evolution of SGs, SG challenges and barriers, standardization, and future vision. For this reason, the book has been written by experienced individuals who specialize in various areas of SGs.
The objective of this book is to equip readers with up‐to‐date knowledge of the fundamentals, emerging grid structure, current research status, and future vision in the development and deployment of SGs. The concepts presented in this book include four main areas of SGs and its applications: Advanced SG Architecture which includes smart power systems, communication systems, information technology, security, and the advancement of microgrids. Renewables energies, entail technologies of both energy storages, and power electronics suitable for renewable energy systems and SG applications. SG applications are divided into fundamental and emerging applications. The fundamental applications refer to energy management strategies, reliability models, security, and privacy, in addition to promoting demand‐side management (DSM). Emerging applications include the deployment of electric vehicles (EVs) and mobile charging stations. SG tools are divided into crucial tools for distribution grids such as Big Data management and analytics, cloud management and monitoring tools, consumer engagement, and artificial intelligence for the SG, the requirements for the simulation tools and the recently adopted standards, in addition to the challenges and future business models of SGs.
The book builds its foundation by introducing the SG architecture and integrating renewable energy sources and energy storage systems in the next generation power grid. The first chapter provides a basic discussion on the infrastructure of SGs followed by the technologies used in the SG. An overview of different renewable energy resources is discussed in Chapter 2 showing their current status, future opportunities, and the challenges of integrating them with the grid. Energy storage systems and power electronics converters as grid integration units are presented in Chapters 3–4. A comprehensive review of microgrids, including their characteristics, challenges, design, control, and operation either in grid‐connected or islanded modes are introduced in Chapter 5. Chapter 6 is devoted to one of the most emerging applications of SGs, which is smart transportation. This chapter presents an overview of EVs; their current status and future opportunities, in addition to the challenges of integrating them into the SG. The impact of EVs on SG operation and modeling EV mobility in energy service networks are also exemplified in this chapter. The net‐zero energy cost building uses energy efficiency and renewable energy strategies as part of the business model. Chapter 7 describes the zero energy buildings (ZEBs) definition, design, modeling, control, and optimization. This chapter discusses the benefits and barriers of the current state and the future trends of ZEBs as a step to reduce energy consumption in the building sector. The goal of Chapter 8 is focused on the SG features utilizing multi‐way communication among energy production, transmission, distribution, and usage facilities. The multi‐way communication among energy generation, transmission, distribution,
