imposing proper rules and regulations for UAV ownership and operations. Law enforcement always tries to make significant efforts to stop rogue UAVs by signal jamming as well as by attacking and capturing them [30, 31].
Following are some technological limitation for UAV which also include top-notch military drones as well as commercial drones:
Loss of Contact: If contact is lost with the ground control station, the vehicle may be lost.
Less Versatile: UAVs are designed for a specific mission and type of need. These machines are not as versatile as a modern generation multi-role combat aircraft.
Limited Range: UAVs have much higher complex machinery and light body design. Therefore, they may not be able to carry as much fuel as manned aircraft and may have a shorter range. It is a limitation that is now being overcome.
Limitations of Payload: UAVs are typically smaller except few than a manned plane, they cannot carry as much as manned aircraft, and there is also a risk of losing balance easily in case of high wind or any unavoidable circumstance in which manned aircraft are much better. However, as compared to manned aircraft, their payload to total weight is higher.
Programming Limitations: There is a high possibility that UAVs might not be able to compensate for the changing battlefield environment such as attacking a new more desirable target that appeared after the aircraft was launched or changing course to avoid enemies.
However, technological advancement is overcoming the drawbacks of UAV/UAS making it suitable for many operations, uses, and needs.
1.6 Conclusion and Future Scope
A fairly comprehensive overview is presented of various platforms of UAVs according to different classifications with a brief introduction of the latest technologies used in UAVs along with the communication and application. UAVs were being used for decades by the world’s military forces. Today, with the advancement of technology, it has become easier to produce and control drones. In today’s era, if UAVs are combined with smartphone technology then together along it will bring heavy commercialization and secure, reliable tools and features can be made.
As far as military drones are considered, certain doom-mongers are predicting a dystopia where automated ‘killer drones’ escort in the era of robotic warfare, without humans. UAVs give us both the opportunities to take advantage and bring betterment as well as challenges that are needed to confront head-on. There is a clear need for ethical and legal questioning for the increasing use of drones which must be answered satisfactorily. Debates are of crucial importance to achieve a possible accord. This will surely take time and will involve questions, sharing of experiences and views, and not wait until a technological fait accomplish make this thing obsolete [32].
The advancement of UAVs has given a clean slate for its commercialization. UAVs are already being utilized in the agricultural industry to monitor farmland, analyze soil samples, and even herd cattle. It could expand more in the future required the demand is ever increasing. UAVs are also used in search and rescue to save people from life-threatening situations and every time this technology proves its usefulness more than ever. In near future, it is of no surprise that UAVs or drone will have their application in retail, transportation, entertainment, home security, and even in construction using 3D printers. The future scope for UAVs is immense and market share is also expected in the favour of this technology.
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17. Security and drones — what
