Emergency Medical Services. Группа авторов

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style="font-size:15px;">      29 29 Kern KB, Garewal HS, Sanders AB, et al. Depletion of myocardial adenosine triphosphate during prolonged untreated ventricular fibrillation: effect on defibrillation success. Resuscitation. 1990; 20:221–9.

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      31 31 Stiell IG, Nichol G, Leroux BG, et al. Early versus later rhythm analysis in patients with out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest. N Engl J Med. 2011; 365:787–97.

      32 32 Cobb LA, Fahrenbruch CE, Walsh TR, et al. Influence of cardiopulmonary resuscitation prior to defibrillation in patients with out‐of‐hospital ventricular fibrillation. JAMA. 1999; 281:1182–8.

      33 33 Wik L, Hansen TB, Fylling F, et al. Delaying defibrillation to give basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation to patients with out‐of‐hospital ventricular fibrillation: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2003; 289:1389–95.

      34 34 Katz SH, Falk JL. Misplaced endotracheal tubes by paramedics in an urban emergency medical services system. Ann Emerg Med. 2001; 37:32–37.

      35 35 Wang HE, Kupas DF, Paris PM, Bates RR, Yealy DM. Preliminary experience with a prospective, multi‐centered evaluation of out‐of‐hospital endotracheal intubation. Resuscitation. 2003; 58:49–58.

      36 36 Wang HE, Lave JR, Sirio CA, Yealy DM. Paramedic intubation errors: isolated events or symptoms of larger problems? Health Aff (Millwood). 2006; 25:501–9.

      37 37 Wang HE, Yealy DM. Out‐of‐hospital endotracheal intubation: where are we? Ann Emerg Med. 2006; 47:532–41.

      38 38 Aufderheide TP, Sigurdsson G, Pirrallo RG, et al. Hyperventilation‐induced hypotension during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Circulation. 2004; 109:1960–5.

      39 39 Abo BN, Hostler D, Wang HE. Does the type of out‐of‐hospital airway interfere with other cardiopulmonary resuscitation tasks? Resuscitation. 2007; 72:234–9.

      40 40 Kim JA, Vogel D, Guimond G, Hostler D, Wang HE, Menegazzi JJ. A randomized, controlled comparison of cardiopulmonary resuscitation performed on the floor and on a moving ambulance stretcher. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2006; 10:68–70.

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      42 42 Wang HE, Szydio D, Stouffer JA, et al. Endotracheal intubation versus supraglottic airway insertion in out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation. 2012; 83:1061–6.

      43 43 Benger JR, Kirby K, Black S, et al. Effect of a strategy of a supraglottic airway device vs tracheal intubation during out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest on functional outcome: the AIRWAYS‐2 randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2018; 320:779–91.

      44 44 Wang HE, Schmicker RH, Daya MR, et al. Effect of a strategy of initial laryngeal tube insertion vs endotracheal intubation on 72‐hour survival in adults with out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2018; 320:769–78.

      45 45 Berg RA, Kern KB, Hilwig RW, Ewy GA. Assisted ventilation during ‘bystander’ CPR in a swine acute myocardial infarction model does not improve outcome. Circulation. 1997; 96: 4364–71.

      46 46 Berg RA, Kern KB, Sanders AB, Otto CW, Hilwig RW, Ewy GA. Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Is ventilation necessary? Circulation. 1993; 88(Pt 1):1907–15.

      47 47 Ewy GA, Zuercher M, Hilwig RW, et al. Improved neurological outcome with continuous chest compressions compared with 30:2 compressions‐to‐ventilations cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a realistic swine model of out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest. Circulation. 2007; 116:2525–30.

      48 48 Hallstrom A, Cobb L, Johnson E, Copass M. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation by chest compression alone or with mouth‐to‐mouth ventilation. N Engl J Med. 2000; 342:1546–53.

      49 49 Kern KB, Hilwig RW, Berg RA, Ewy GA. Efficacy of chest compression‐only BLS CPR in the presence of an occluded airway. Resuscitation. 1998; 39:179–88.

      50 50 Hostler D, Rittenberger JC, Roth R, Callaway CW. Increased chest compression to ventilation ratio improves delivery of CPR. Resuscitation. 2007; 74:446–52.

      51 51 Paradis NA, Martin GB, Goetting MG, et al. Simultaneous aortic, jugular bulb, and right atrial pressures during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in humans. Insights into mechanisms. Circulation. 1989; 80:361–68.

      52 52 Rittenberger JC, Guimond G, Platt TE, Hostler D. Quality of BLS decreases with increasing resuscitation complexity. Resuscitation. 2006; 68:365–9.

      53 53 Williams JG, Brice JH, DeMaio VJ, et al. A simulation trial of traditional dispatcher‐assisted CPR versus compression‐only dispatcher‐assisted CPR. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2006; 10:247–53.

      54 54 Rea TD, Fahrenburch C, Culley L et al. CPR with chest compression alone or with rescue breathing. N Engl J Med. 2010; 363:423–33.

      55 55 Safar P, Brown TC, Holtey WJ. Failure of closed chest cardiac massage to produce pulmonary ventilation. Dis Chest. 1962; 41:1–8.

      56 56 Chang MP, Lu Y, Leroux B,. Association of ventilation with outcomes from out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation. 2019; 141:174–81.

      57 57 Lurie KG, Voelckel WG, Zielinski T, et al. Improving standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation with an inspiratory impedance threshold valve in a procine model of cardiac arrest. Anesth Analg. 2001; 93:649–55.

      58 58 Lurie KG, Zielinski T, McKnite S, Aufderheide T, Voelckel W. Use of an inspiratory impedance valve improves neurologically intact survival in a porcine model of ventricular fibrillation. Circulation. 2002; 105:124–9.

      59 59 Plaisance P, Lurie KG, Payen D. Inspiratory impedance during active compression‐decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a randomized evaluation in patients in cardiac arrest. Circulation. 2000; 101:989–94.

      60 60 Aufderheide TP, Pirrallo RG, Provo TA, Lurie KG. Clinical evaluation of an inspiratory impedance threshold device during standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation in patients with out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest. Crit Care Med. 2005; 33:734–40.

      61 61 Thayne RC, Thomas DC, Neville JD, Van Dellen A. Use of an impedance threshold device improves short‐term outcomes following out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation. 2005; 67:103–8.

      62 62 Aufderheide TP, Nichol G, Rea TD,. N Engl J Med. 2011; 365:798–806.

      63 63 Callaham M, Madsen CD, Barton CW, Saunders CE, Pointer J. A randomized clinical trial of high‐dose epinephrine and norepinephrine vs standard‐dose epinephrine in prehospital cardiac arrest. JAMA. 1992; 268:2667–72.

      64 64 Fatovich DM, Prentice DA, Dobb GJ. Magnesium in cardiac arrest (the magic trial). Resuscitation. 1997; 35:237–41.

      65 65 Stiell IG, Wells GA, Field B, et al. Advanced cardiac life support in out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest. N Engl J Med. 2004; 351: 647–56.

      66 66 Wang HE, Min A, Hostler D, Chang CC, Callaway CW. Differential effects of out‐of‐hospital interventions on short‐ and long‐term survival after cardiopulmonary arrest. Resuscitation. 2005; 67:69–74.

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