к бутылке». Более подробно о научном обосновании программы ОАА, а также дискуссиях на тему ее эффективности см.: C. D. Emrick et al., “Alcoholics Anonymous: What Is Currently Known?”, B. S. McCrady & W. R. Miller, eds., Research on Alcoholics Anonymous: Opportunities and Alternatives (New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers, 1993), 41–76; John F. Kelly & Mark G. Myers, “Adolescents’ Participation in Alcoholics Anonymous and Narcotics Anonymous: Review, Implications, and Future Directions”, Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 39, № 3 (09/2007): 259–69; D. R. Groh, L. A. Jason, & C. B. Keys, “Social Network Variables in Alcoholics Anonymous: A Literature Review”, Clinical Psychology Review 28, № 3 (03/2008): 430–50; John Francis Kelly, Molly Magill, & Robert Lauren Stout, “How Do People Recover from Alcohol Dependence? A Systematic Review of the Research on Mechanisms of Behavior Change in Alcoholics Anonymous”, Addiction Research and Theory 17, № 3 (2009): 236–59.
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Kurtz, Not-God.
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Brendan I. Koerner, ”Secret of AA: After 75 Years, We Don’t Know How It Works”, Wired, 07/2010; D. R. Davis & G. G. Hansen, “Making Meaning of Alcoholics Anonymous for Social Workers: Myths, Metaphors, and Realities”, Social Work 43, № 2 (1998): 169–82.
90
Alcoholics Anonymous World Services, Twelve Steps and Twelve Traditions (New York: Alcoholics Anonymous World Services, Inc., 2002), 34. Alcoholics Anonymous World Services, Alcoholics Anonymous: The Big Book, 4th ed. (New York: Alcoholics Anonymous World Services, Inc., 2002), 59.
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Arthur Cain, “Alcoholics Anonymous: Cult or Cure?” Harper’s Magazine, 02/1963, 48–52; M. Ferri, L. Amato, & M. Davoli, “Alcoholics Anonymous and Other 12-Step Programmes for Alcohol Dependence”, Addiction 88, № 4 (1993): 555–62; Harrison M. Trice & Paul Michael Roman, “Delabeling, Relabeling, and Alcoholics Anonymous”, Social Problems 17, № 4 (1970): 538–46; Robert E. Tournie, “Alcoholics Anonymous as Treatment and as Ideology”, Journal of Studies on Alcohol 40, № 3 (1979): 230–39; P. E. Bebbington, “The Efficacy of Alcoholics Anonymous: The Elusiveness of Hard Data”, British Journal of Psychiatry 128 (1976): 572–80.
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Emrick et al., “Alcoholics Anonymous: What Is Currently Known?”; J. S. Tonigan, R. Toscova, & W. R. Miller, “Meta-analysis of the Literature on Alcoholics Anonymous: Sample and Study Characteristics Moderate Findings”, Journal of Studies on Alcohol 57 (1995): 65–72; J. S. Tonigan, W. R. Miller, & G. J. Connors, “Project MATCH Client Impressions About Alcoholics Anonymous: Measurement Issues and Relationship to Treatment Outcome”, Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly 18 (2000): 25–41; J. S. Tonigan, “Spirituality and Alcoholics Anonymous”, Southern Medical Journal 100, № 4 (2007): 437–40.
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Heinze et al., “Counteracting Incentive Sensitization in Severe Alcohol Dependence Using Deep Brain Stimulation of the Nucleus Accumbens: Clinical and Basic Science Aspects”, Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 3, № 22 (2009).
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B. A. Dufrene, Steuart Watson, & J. S. Kazmerski, “Functional Analysis and Treatment of Nail Biting”, Behavior Modification 32 (2008): 913–27.
95
Мэнди – псевдоним, которым пользовались в оригинальном описании этого случая.
96
В электронном письме, призванном исключить фактические ошибки, автор исследования, Брэд Дафрин, пишет, что пациентка «согласилась на услуги клиники при университете, которая представляла собой учебный и исследовательский центр. В начале терапии она дала согласие на использование ее данных как в публикациях, так и в исследовательских презентациях».
97
В русскоязычной литературе встречаются и другие варианты перевода термина «habit reversal training», в том числе тренинг переучивания привычки или тренинг замещения привычки.
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N. H. Azrin & R. G. Nunn, “Habit-Reversal: A Method of Eliminating Nervous Habits and Tics”, Behaviour Research and Therapy 11, № 4 (1973): 619–28; Nathan H. Azrin & Alan L. Peterson, “Habit Reversal for the Treatment of Tourette Syndrome”, Behaviour Research and Therapy 26, № 4 (1988): 347–51; N. H. Azrin, R. G. Nunn, & S. E. Frantz, “Treatment of Hairpulling (Trichotillomania): A Comparative Study of Habit Reversal and Negative Practice Training”, Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry 11 (1980): 13–20; R. G. Nunn & N. H. Azrin, “Eliminating Nail-Biting by the Habit Reversal Procedure”, Behaviour Research and Therapy 14 (1976): 65–67; N. H. Azrin, R. G. Nunn, & S. E. Frantz-Renshaw, “Habit Reversal Versus Negative Practice Treatment of Nervous Tics”, Behavior Therapy 11, № 2 (1980): 169–78; N. H. Azrin, R. G. Nunn, & S. E. Frantz-Renshaw, “Habit Reversal Treatment of Thumbsucking”, Behaviour Research and Therapy 18, № 5 (1980): 395–99.
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Важно отметить, что, хотя процесс изменения привычки легко описать, осуществить его на практике не так-то просто. Ошибочно полагать, что избавиться от курения, алкоголизма, склоннос�
