Between Two Worlds. Cemal Kafadar

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in shaping the destinies of southwestern Asia and southeastern Europe from the fourteenth to the twentieth century.

      Transliteration is the perennial problem of historical scholarship in different branches of Islamic studies. Materials in pre-modern Turkish rendered in the Arabic script, as in almost all the sources used in this study, are particularly difficult to standardize, and any transliteration system is bound to be esthetically displeasing. But the shortcut of using modern spelling throughout feels anachronistic and thus even more displeasing to this author.

      Still, I have decided to give place names (e.g., Konya) as well as the names of principalities (e.g., Karaman) and states (e.g., Abbasid) in their modern forms since that might make it easier to look them up in geographical and historical atlases or reference works. Words that appear in English dictionaries (such as sultan, kadi) are not transliterated unless they appear as part of an individual's name.

      Otherwise, all individual names and technical vocabulary are transliterated according to a slightly modified version of the system used in the Encyclopedia of Islam. The transliteration of Arabic compound names is simplified when used in reference to the Turkish-speaking Anatolian/ Balkan world: hence, Burh

neddn al-Dn.

      Like many other books, this one took shape as a long adventure for its author. Along the way, I was fortunate to receive comments, guidance, encouragement, or admonition from a number of friends and colleagues, among whom it is a pleasure to mention Peter Brown, George Dedes, Suraiya Faroqhi, Jane Hathaway, Halil

nalcik, Ahmet Kara-mustafa, Ahmet Kuyarvin Schick, Rusenbike Togan, and Elizabeth Zachariadou. I am particularly grateful to Cornell Fleischer, whose thorough reading of and thoughtful commentary on the manuscript were of immense help in giving the book its final shape. They are probably unaware how much they contributed to the development of this book through not only intentional interventions but also casual remarks or general observations that I appropriated, and possibly twisted, to my own ends. Plunder, as I hope the readers of this book will come to agree, can coexist in harmony with the assumption, or presumption, of serving some good cause in the end.

      The critical tone of my historiographic evaluations should not obliterate the profound indebtedness I feel toward all those scholars whose works on the rise of the Ottoman state are surveyed here. Their findings and ideas, even when I disagreed with them, opened many pleasant vistas and doors for me.

      I also appreciate having had the chance to try out some earlier and partial versions of my arguments on audiences whose responses enabled me to focus on formulations that needed to be refined and paths that needed to be abandoned. Such opportunities were provided at the Brown Bag Lunch series of Princeton University's Near Eastern Studies Department, at Washington University in Saint Louis, at the Istanbul center of the American Research Institute in Turkey, and at the Murat Sanca Library workshop series in Istanbul.

      Chronology

1071	The Battle of Mantzikert: Seljuks defeat Byzantine army; the first great wave of Turkish migrations into Asia Minor.
1176	The Battle of Myriokephalon: Seljuks of R ni ’ üdd d, peak of Seljuk control in Asia Minor.
1221	Shih b ad-d n arrive in Anatolia according to some Ottoman sources.
1239–	The Baba' s and followers, crushed by the Konya government.
1243	The Battle of K n.
1301	The Battle of Bapheus; 'O n defeats a Byzantine contingent.
1304	Catalan mercenaries deployed by the Byzantine Empire against Turks (including the Ottomans) in Asia Minor.
1312	Ulu Cami built in Birgi by Aydino lu Me med.
1324	The Скачать книгу В начало < 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 > В конец e-mail: [email protected]