_____________________
8. akai* _____________________
9. mazushii* _____________________
10. tooi _____________________
11. ookii _____________________
12. yasui _____________________
13. ii _____________________
14. chikai _____________________
15. suzushii _____________________
16. yasashii _____________________
17. karai _____________________
18. oishii _____________________
19. atarashii _____________________
20. warui _____________________
The word narimashita is the past tense of the verb narimasu, meaning become. In colloquial English, we sometimes use the word get for narimasu or got for narimashita as in It got (became) hot. In Japanese we would say atsuku narimashita. The -ku form of the adjective is used, as it describes how something became.
Write the following sentences using the -ku form of the appropriate adjectives with either narimasu or narimashita depending on the tense of the English sentence. Keep in mind that narimasu is used for both present and future situations.
1. It got cold. _____________________
2. It became cheap(er). _____________________
3. It got interesting. _____________________
4. It will get easy. _____________________
5. It became red. _____________________
6. It gets fun. _____________________
7. She became beautiful. _____________________
8. We got busy. _____________________
9. She got well. _____________________
10. It will get dirty. _____________________
11. It will get cool. _____________________
12. It got noisy. _____________________
13. Japanese became difficult. _____________________
14. The teacher became strict. _____________________
15. The problem became easy. _____________________
16. The car became old. _____________________
17. It will get warm. _____________________
18. The weather got bad. _____________________
19. The coffee became cold. _____________________
20. I became lonely. _____________________
The -ku form is also used with the verb shimasu to express the idea someone makes something big, small, cheap, etc.
| Example: | She will make it large. | = | Ookiku shimasu. |
| She made it large. | = | Ookiku shimashita. |
Since the adjective describes how someone does something, the -ku form of the adjective is required.
Try this exercise. Again, take care to choose the proper tense of the verb shimasu.
1. I’ll make it hot. _____________________
2. He lowered the price. _____________________
3. They made it interesting. _____________________
4. I’ll make it early. _____________________
5. The teacher made it difficult. _____________________
6. Will you make them small? _____________________
7. He made it fun. _____________________
8. She made it spicy. _____________________
The following is a list of verbs with their English eguivalents. Although each verb here is given in the past tense, the -ku form of the adjective may be used with any tense.
| tabemashita | ate |
| kaimashita | bought |
| arukimashita | walked |
| kimashita | came |
| benkyoo shimashita | studied |
| hatarakimashita | worked |
| oshiemashita | taught |
| tatemashita | built |
| asobimashita | played |
| urimashita | sold |
| setsumei shimashita | explained |
| okimashita | woke up |
| nemashita | went to bed |
| iimashita | said |
| hanashimashita | spoke, talked |
See if you can understand the meaning of the sentences below. If you get stumped, start with the verb and work backwards. If the subject or object of the sentence has been omitted in the Japanese sentence, supply an appropriate one. Keep in mind that although a literal translation may not work sometimes, the -ku form of the adjective will always describe how an action is done.
| Example: | Kuwashiku setsumei shimashita. Literally: [She] explained [it] detailedly. Better: [She] explained [it] in detail. |
1. Hayaku okimashita. ____________________
2. Osoku kimashita. ____________________
3. Isogashiku hatarakimashita. ____________________
4. Kuruma o takaku urimashita. ____________________
5. Sensei wa kibishiku oshiemashita. ____________________
6. Hayaku nemashita. ____________________
7. Uchi o atarashiku tatemashita. ____________________
8. Sensei wa kuwashiku setsumei shimashita. ____________________
Translate the following sentences. The sentences are in idiomatic English, but can be said using one of the adjectives you already know.
1.
