I sold it at a low price. ____________________
2. We came late. _____________________
3. She went to sleep early. ____________________
4. He spoke in detail. _____________________
5. She said it nicely. _____________________
6. He studied well. _____________________
7. I bought it at a high price. _____________________
8. They played merrily. ____________________
9. I told her sternly. ____________________
10. We got up late. _________________
11. Linking Adjectives
If you want to link two or more adjectives together in Japanese, to say for example that something is delicious and cheap, you need to know how to make the -te form of the adjective.
The -te form is made by dropping the last i of the dictionary form of the adjective and adding -kute. Thus, the -te form of samui is samukute.
There are two additional bits of information you need to know about the -te form:
| 1) | the -te form does not have a tense. It takes the tense of the last inflected expression of the sentence. |
| Example: | Oishikute yasui desu. = It is good and cheap. Oishikute yasukatta desu. = It was good and cheap. |
| Therefore, the -te form of both oishii and oishikatta is oishikute. | |
| 2) | The -te form cannot end a sentence. |
As fast as you can, write the -te form of the following adjectives. Adjectives followed by an asterisk (*) can be found in the section on Other Adjectives.
1. takai ____________________
2. atsukatta ____________________
3. mezurashii* ____________________
4. oishii ____________________
5. chikakatta ____________________
6. kitanai* ____________________
7. suzushii ____________________
8. tanoshii ____________________
9. yokatta ____________________
10. furui ____________________
Write the -te form for each English adjective below.
1. hot ____________________
2. interesting ____________________
3. new ____________________
4. late ____________________
5. delicious ____________________
6. small ____________________
7. bad ____________________
8. far ____________________
9. warm ____________________
10. beautiful* ____________________
11. inexpensive ____________________
12. busy ____________________
In order to make a sentence with linked adjectives—for example, it is cold and delicious—you would change the first adjective to the -te form and add your second adjective:
| It is cold | = | Tsumetai desu. (-te form = tsumetakute) |
| delicious | = | oishii desu |
The complete sentence would be: Tsumetakute oishii desu.
Note that the word and is not expressed directly in Japanese. The concept of and when linking two or more adjectives is included in the -te form of the adjective.
Depending on the situation, the -te form can also show the reason for the second clause.
| Example: | Furukute warui desu. = It is old and bad. Or, It is old [and so] it is bad. |
Link the following sentences together using the -te form of the adjective. It is not necessary to repeat the subject if it is the same for both adjectives. See if you can tell whether the -te form simply means and or and so or either depending on context.
| Example: | Sono sushi wa yasui desu. Sono sushi wa oishii desu. Ans: Sono sushi wa yasukute oishii desu. |
1. Kore wa atarashii desu.
Kore wa ii desu.
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2. Kono koohii wa atsui desu.
Kono koohii wa oishii desu.
_________________________________________
3. Kono resutoran wa takakatta desu.
Kono resutoran wa mazukatta desu.
_________________________________________
4. Ano inu wa chiisai desu.
Ano inu wa kawaii* desu.
_________________________________________
5. Kono kuruma wa furui desu.
Kono kuruma wa yoku arimasen.
_________________________________________
6. Kono niku wa yasui desu.
Kono niku wa atarashii desu.
Kono niku wa oishii desu.
_________________________________________
Use of the -te form does not necessarily mean that the last predicate of the sentence must be an adjective. The sentence may be completed with a verb, the copula (desu or one of its forms) or an adjective.
| Example: | Oishikute takusan tabemashita. | = | It was delicious so I ate a lot. |
Translate the following sentences:
1. Sushi ga oishikute, takusan (a lot) tabemashita.
_________________________________________
2. Kinoo wa isogashikute taihen deshita.
_________________________________________
3. Ano inu wa ookikute takusan tabemasu.
_________________________________________
4.
