Pathy's Principles and Practice of Geriatric Medicine. Группа авторов
Чтение книги онлайн.
Читать онлайн книгу Pathy's Principles and Practice of Geriatric Medicine - Группа авторов страница 226
![Pathy's Principles and Practice of Geriatric Medicine - Группа авторов Pathy's Principles and Practice of Geriatric Medicine - Группа авторов](/cover_pre1070388.jpg)
Key points
Reports of constipation and the use of laxatives are very common in older people.
Stool frequency is no different in elders than younger people, with elders complaining most of straining and hard stools.
The use of medications and chronic medical illness correlate most closely with the development of constipation in elders.
Patients lacking worrisome symptoms may undergo an empirical therapeutic trial, with diagnostic testing reserved for those who fail to respond.
The best available evidence supports the use of psyllium, osmotic laxatives (especially PEG), and lubiprostone to treat constipation in elders.
Methylnaltrexone, available as an injection, is an important advance in the treatment of refractory opiate‐induced constipation.
References
1 1. Lacy BE, Patel NK. J Clin Med. 2017; 6(11):99.
2 2. Lewis SJ, Heaton KW. Scand. J Gastroenterology. 1997; 32:920–924.
3 3. Harari D, Gurwitz JH, Avorn J, et al. Arch Intern Med. 1996; 156:315–20.
4 4. Everhart, JE, Go, VL, Johannes, RS, et al. Dig Dis Sci. 1989; 34:1153–62.
5 5. Sonnenberg A, Koch TR. Dis Colon Rectum. 1989; 32:1–8.
6 6. Pare P, Ferrazzi S, Thompson WG, et al. Am J Gastroenterol. 2001; 96:3130–7.
7 7. Annells M, Koch T. Int J Nurs Stud. 2003; 40:843–52.
8 8. Muller‐Lissner SA, Kamm MA, Scarpignato C, Wald A. Am J Gastroenterol. 2005; 100:232–42.
9 9. Bouras EP, Tangalos EG. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2009; 38(3):463–80.
10 10. Higgins PD, Johanson JF. Am J Gastroenterol. 2004; 99: 750–9.
11 11. Wolfsen CR, Barker JC, Mitteness LS. Arch Fam Med. 1993; 2:853–8.
12 12. Rao SS, Go JT. Clin Interv Aging. 2010; 5:163–171.
13 13. Gallagher P, O’Mahony D. Best Practice & Research Clin Gastroenterol. 2009; 23(6):875–87.
14 14. Harari D, Gurwitz JH, Avorn J, et al. J Gen Intern Med. 1997; 12:63–6.
15 15. Whitehead WE, Drinkwater D, Cheskin LJ, et al. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1989; 37:423–9.
16 16. Talley NJ, Fleming KC, Evans JM, et al. Am J Gastroenterol. 1996; 91:19–25.
17 17. Soriano RP, Fernandez HM, et al. Fundamentals of Geriatric Medicine. 2007:561–4.
18 18. Nellesen D, Yee K, Chawla A, Lewis BE, Carson RT. J Manag Care Pharm. 2013; 19(9):755–64.
19 19. Melkersson M, Andersson H, Bosaeus I, Falkheden T. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1983; 18:593–7.
20 20. Bannister JJ, Abouzekry L, Read NW. Gut. 1987; 28: 353–357.
21 21. Pfeifer J, Salanga VD, Agachan F, et al. Dis Colon Rectum. 1997; 40:79–83.
22 22. Towers AL, Burgio KL, Locher JL, et al. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1994; 42:701–6.
23 23. Stewart RB, Moore MT, Marks RG, Hale WE. Am J Gastroenterol. 1992; 87:859–64.
24 24. Heaton KW, Parker D, Cripps H. Gut. 1993; 34:1108–11.
25 25. O’Keefe EA, Talley NJ, Zinsmeister AR, et al. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 1995; 50: M184–9.
26 26. Belsey J, Greenfield S, Candy D, Gerain M. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2010; 31:938–49.
27 27. Charach G, Greenstein A, Rabinovich P, et al. Gerontology. 2001; 47:72–6.
28 28. Lynch AC, Dobbs BR, Keating J, Frizelle FA. N Z Med J. 2001; 114:474–7.
29 29. Chassagne P, Jego A, Gloc P, et al. Age Ageing. 2000; 29:159–64.
30 30. Barcelo M, Jimenez‐Cebrian MJ, Diaz‐Rubio M, Rocha AL, Rey E. BMC Geriatr. 2013; 13:24.
31 31. Tracey J. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology. 2000; 30(3):228–229.
32 32. Maull KI, Kinning WK, Kay S. Am Surgeon. 1982; 48:20–4.
33 33. Meshkinpour H, Selod S, Movahedi H, et al. Dig Dis Sci. 1998; 43:2379–83.
34 34. Lin OS. World J Gastrointest Endosc 2014; 6(6): 220–226.
35 35. Glia A, Lindberg G, Nilsson LH, et al. Dis Colon Rectum. 1999; 42:1401–8; discussion 1408–10.
36 36. Voderholzer WA, Schatke W, Muhldorfer BE, et al. Am J Gastroenterol. 1997; 92:95–8.
37 37. Sharif H, Devadason D, Abrehart N, et al. Diagnostics. 2019; 9:221.
38 38. Kim ER, Rhee PL. J Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2012; 18(1): 94–99.
39 39. Rao SS, Patcharatrakul T. J Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2016; 22(3):423–435.
40 40. Lalwani N, Moshiri M, Lee JH, Bhargava P, Dighe MK. Radiol Clin North Am. 2013; 51(6): 1127–39.
41 41. Pilkington SA, Nugent KP, Brenner J, et al. Colorectal Dis. 2012; 14(10):1224–30.
42 42. Badiali D, Corazziari E, Habib FI, et al. Dig Dis Sci. 1995; 40:349–56.
43 43. Rao SS, Yu S, Fedewa A. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2015; 41(12):1256–70.
44 44. Schuster BG. Can Fam Physician. 2015; 61(2):152–158.
45 45. Castle SC, Cantrell M, Israel DS, Samuelson MJ. Geriatrics. 1991; 46:84–6.
46 46. McRorie JW, Daggy BP, Morel JG, et al. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1998; 12:491–7.
47 47. Bharucha AE, Pemberton JH, Locke GR. Gastroenterology. 2013; 144(1): 218–38.
48 48. Golzarian J, Scott HW Jr, Richards WO. Dig Dis Sci. 1994; 39:1138–42.
49 49. Ford AC, Suares NC. Gut. 2011; 60(2):209–218.
50 50. Attar A, Lemann M, Ferguson A, et al. Gut. 1999; 44:226–30.
51 51. Cinca R, Chera D, Gruss HJ, et al. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2013; 37(9): 876–886.
52 52. Xing JH, Soffer EE. Dis Colon Rectum. 2001; 44:1201–9.
53 53. Kienzle‐Horn S, Vix JM, Schuijt C, et al. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2006; 23:1479–88.
54 54. Kienzle‐Horn S, Vix JM, Schuijt C, et al. Curr Med Res Opin. 2007; 23:691–9.
55 55. Barrish CF, Drossman D, Johanson JF, Ueno R. Dig Dis Sci. 2010; 55:1090–7.
56 56. Aziz I, Whitehead EW, Palsson OS, et al. Expert Rev Gastroenterol and Hepatol.