Культурная эволюция Homo sapiens. История изобретений: от освоения огня до открытия электричества. Рашид Шафигулин

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Культурная эволюция Homo sapiens. История изобретений: от освоения огня до открытия электричества - Рашид Шафигулин

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from polytheism to monotheism took place. Why is the change in the religious views of our ancestors associated with the crisis period?

      Glass producing has opened up new opportunities for humans. Of course, it all started with the simplest glass products. But with the development of physics and optics, it turned out that glass allows you to make unheard-of discoveries. Thanks to glass, new specific optical devices have appeared, designed for various physical and physico-chemical studies, spectral analyses. All astronomical discoveries are made with the help of a telescope. Without glass, we would not be able to enter the space age. But we are interested in when and why Sapiens began to get the first semblance of glass from sand. The book will tell you about this too. And after a person went from simple glass blowing to the production of vacuum flasks and connected it with electricity (another scientific breakthrough), humanity received the first lighting lamps, rapidly broke into the age of computer science and the atomic era.

      The book will interest not only readers, but also scientists and specialists.

      Contents

      1. Fire

      Neanderthals and fire

      Culinary hypothesis

      Taming the Fire

      The price and importance of fire

      Vegetable food and self-medication

      Against microorganisms

      2. Ceramics

      Archaeological excavations of ceramics.

      Microorganisms and ceramics. Possible causes of ceramics

      Genes and ceramics

      3. Funeral activities

      Death in the animal world

      Primates (modern times)

      Homo heidelbergensis

      Middle Paleolithic. Early homo sapiens

      Late homo sapiens

      Neanderthals

      Disputes about the premeditation of burials

      Chronology of Neanderthal burials

      Homo sapiens in the Upper (Late) Paleolithic (37,000—21,000 BC)

      Madeleine culture

      Natufian culture

      Neolithic

      The Copper – Stone Age circa 2500—1900 BC.

      4. Cremation

      Middle Paleolithic

      Upper Paleolithic

      Mesolithic

      Neolithic

      The Copper-Stone Age (Eneolithic) and the Bronze Age

      Iron Age

      Zoroastrianism

      Antiquity

      Middle Ages

      China, Korea, Japan

      Cremation in India

      Conclusion

      5. Jewelry

      History and archaeology

      Decoration in the animal world

      Sexual selection, social status and pathogens

      What are the decorations for. Hypotheses

      6. Hair loss

      Hypotheses

      Parasites

      Control of parasites in animals

      7. Combs

      8. Security

      History and archaeology

      What is ochre for? Hypotheses

      Or maybe pathogens?

      Is beauty the result of social necessity or protection from parasites?

      9. Tattoos

      Copper and Bronze Age

      The Iron Age.

      Are tattoos initiation, social status, magic or ancient medicine?

      Tattooing and Medicine

      10. Progressive inventions. Metallurgy. The era of early metal. Eneolithic.

      Metal discovery hypothesis

      Chronology of the appearance of copper objects.

      Why metal?

      The Copper – Stone Age in Asia

      11. Bronze

      Early Bronze Age.

      Middle Bronze Age

      Late Bronze Age

      Bronze in East Asia.

      12. Bronze bells.

      13. Metallurgy. Iron

      The Iron Age in Asia

      Why iron?

      14. Progressive inventions. Mirror and Glass

      Mirror

      History of the mirror

      Antiquity

      Glass

      Beads and small amulets made of glass.

      15. The invention of electricity

      The history of electricity and magnetism.

      Telephone, lamp, TV.

      Afterword

      Оглавление

      1. Огонь

      Неандертальцы и огонь

      Кулинарная гипотеза

      Укрощение огня

      Цена и важность огня

      Растительная пища и самолечение

      Борьба с микроорганизмами

      2. Керамика

      Археологические

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