Luna anymore, otherwise, he’ll be punished.
EXERCISE 8
Choose the correct option:
1 Luna ***** at the kitten. He is too little, after all.
a shouldn’t shouted
b shouldn’t have shouted
c mustn’t have shouted
2 Chilly believes Kit *****.
a will be to be grounded
b was to have been grounded
c was to have grounded
3 Cuba thinks Kit ***** be so naughty and stubborn.
a shouldn’t
b needn’t
c oughtn’t
4 Kit doesn’t think the dogs *****to worry about him so much.
a ought
b should
c must
5 The kitten didn’t use ***** obey anybody before.
a to have
b to must
c to have to
6 Luna ***** admit not bringing up her pet at all.
a just must
b has just had to
c has just musted
7 She ***** him some basic rules of behaviour but she didn’t.
a had to teach
b must have taught
c should have taught
EXERCISE 9
Translate the story:
Кит должен был найти Куджо первым, чтобы доказать всем на что он способен. Он решил передвигаться, не вылезая из сумки. Он же обещал Луне оставаться в рюкзаке и он должен сдержать свое слово. Так как собаки горячо спорили в какую сторону идти, никто не заметил, как рюкзак тихонько откатился от них и пополз по тропинке в лес.
Он полз и представлял себе, как все удивятся и обрадуются, когда он вернется вместе с Куджо. Все наконец-то признают, что он не маленький беспомощный питомец, а полноправный член команды. Замечтавшись, котенок не заметил, как случайно свернул с тропинки и оказался в глухой чаще. Споткнувшись о поваленное дерево, Кит кубарем покатился на самое дно глубокой волчьей ямы. Очнувшись, он с ужасом понял, что самому ему оттуда не выбраться. Становилось темно и холодно. Было больно и очень-очень страшно.
(продолжение следует)
Unit 4
Modal Verbs of Probability and Deduction
Modal verbs have functions of certainty, probability, and deduction.
Deduction means making a guess about the facts using available information, depending on which we might be more certain that the conclusion is true, or less certain and we use different modal verbs to indicate the degree of certainty.
While making deductions about the present, we use must if we are sure something is true and can’t if we are sure that something is impossible. Kudjo can’t be at home now. He must be somewhere else.
When we consider some evidence and draw a certain conclusion about what happened in the past, we use must have + V3 and can’t have + V3.
Kudjo must have got lost in the forest. Kudjo couldn’t have vanished into thin air.
EXERCISE 1
Complete the dogs’ speculations about Kit with must, must have, can’t, can’t have and correct form of the verb:
1 He /get/ out of the bag. He swore not to do it.
2 He /run/ away because we had been too tough on him.
3 He /run/ to the forest. He is afraid of wild animals.
4 He /be/ in a hidey-hole somewhere nearby, looking at us.
5 Somebody /steal/ the backpack with him.
6 He /run/ very far. He was here several minutes ago.
7 He /get/ huffy. He knows how much we love him.
8 He /decide/ to look for Kudjo on his own.
POSSIBILITY
Present/Future Possibility
We can use may, might and could to talk about things that are possible in the present and future.
The dogs believe Kit might come back
