families, who were absent at the time. He also mentions Caunians about the year 500 B.C. The name of the city occurs at a later date. On the continuance of the league of the Lycians, vol. I. p. 575.
43
Herod. 1, 143, 160.
44
The year 548 B.C. no doubt passed before the revolt of Pactyas. The Greek cities had time to build or strengthen their walls before they were attacked. Phocaea entered into negotiations for this object with the prince of Tartessus after the fall of Crœsus (Herod. 1, 163), and the great wall of the city was finished, with the assistance of money furnished by him owing to the approach of the Medes, when Harpagus attacked it. This attack cannot therefore have taken place before 547 B.C. The sieges of the Ionian and Aeolian cities occupied at least a year; the campaign against the Dorian cities, the Carians and Lycians, must therefore have taken place in 546 B.C., if not a year later. Hieronymus puts the battle of Harpagus against Ionia in Olymp. 58, 3 = 546 B.C.
45
Oroetes resided at Sardis in the reign of Cambyses and Mithrobates at Dascyleum; Herod. 3, 120.
46
Herod. 1, 168; Miletus and Samos contended in 440 B.C. for the possession of Priene.
47
Herod. 5, 37, 38; Heracl. Pont. fragm. 11, 5, ed. Müller.
48
Justin. 1, 7.
49
Excerpt. Vatic. p. 27 = 9, 35, 1.
50
Herod. 1, 153.
51
Diod. Excerpt. Vatic. p. 27 = 9, 36, 1.
52
Herod. 1, 155, 156; Polyaen. "Strateg." 7, 6, 4.
53
The reigns of Nebuchadnezzar, Evilmerodach, Neriglissar, and the accession of Nabonetus in 555 B.C., are now fixed not only by the canon of Ptolemy but also by the Babylonian tablets, which give forty-three years for Nebuchadnezzar (604-561), two years for Evilmerodach (561-559), four years for Neriglissar (559-555), seventeen years for Nabonetus, (555-538); "Transactions Bibl. Society," 6, p. 47-53. Oppert (
54
Ps. and Isa. xxi. 2.
55
Fragm. 14, ed. Müller.
56
Ps. cxxxvii.
57
Ps. liii., liv.
58
Jer. 1. 17-19.
59
Jer. 1. 2; li. 44.
60
Jer. li. 13, 53, 58.
61
Jer. 1. 14, 29; li. 27.
62
V. 314
63
Deut. Isa. xiii. 17-22; xiv. 4, 11-14. [Cf. Cheyne, "Isaiah," Vol. II., Essay xi.]
64
Deut. Isa. xli. 2, 3; xli. 25; xliv. 28. Kohut, "Antiparsismus in Deut. Yesaias, Z. D. M. G." 1876, 3, 711 ff.
65
Deut. Isa. xlv. 1, 2, 3. Vol. III. 369.
66
Deut. Isa. xlvii. 1-13.
67
Deut. Isa. xlix. 14-16.
68
Deut. Isa. li. 17. Vol. III. 326.
69
Deut. Isa. xlix. 13.
70
Deut. Isa. xlvi. 11; xlviii. 14, 15.
71
Xenoph. "Cyri inst." 7, 5.
72
Jer. li. 31, 32, 39; Deut. Isa. xiv. 7-9; xxi. 4-9.
73
Dan. v. 1-31.
74
Beros. fragm. 14; Euseb. "Chron." 1. 42, ed. Schöne.
75
On the site of Borsippa, Vol. I. 291, and on Nebuchadnezzar's buildings at the temple of Nebo, at Borsippa, III. 385.
76
Pliny, "H. N." 6, 30.
77
Sir Henry Rawlinson spoke in the Asiatic Society on Nov. 17, 1879, of a Babylonian cylinder brought home by Rassam, which, though broken, is said to give an account in thirty-seven legible lines of the capture of Babylon by Cyrus, and to contain a genealogical tree of Cyrus. As yet I have not been able to learn anything further. [Cf. Cheyne, "Isaiah," Vol. II., Essay xi.]
78
"Pol." 3, 1, 12.
79
Oppert et Ménant, "Docum. Juridiq." p. 266.
80
Herod. 3, 159.
81
"Cyri inst." 7, 5, 34, 69, 70.
82
Xenoph. "Anab." 2, 4. Vol. III. 366.
83
Xenoph. "Cyri inst." 1, 1, 4; 7, 4, 1. On Hiram, above, p. 67; Joseph. "c. Apion," 1, 21; Polybius, 16, 40. The statement of Polybius might be referred to the campaign of Cambyses against Egypt, if the supremacy of Cyrus in Syria were not proved by other evidence, as Ezra iii. 7, and the return of the Jews. Herodotus also would not have omitted the siege of Gaza in his detailed description of the march of Cambyses against Egypt, if it had not taken place until then. The general expression in Herodotus (3, 34) cannot outweigh all these proofs; it only says with the exaggerated tone of flattery that Cambyses first placed a fleet on the sea, and claims the subjugation of Cyprus for him. As a fact Cyrus left the islands of Anatolia, except Chios and Lesbos, which voluntarily submitted, uninjured, and did not call on them for a fleet, for which there were many good reasons from the point of view of a Persian king.
84
Herod. 3, 19; 5, 104, 110; 7, 96, 98, 128; Xenoph. "Ages." 2, 30; Diod. 16, 41. The rebellion of Sidon in 351 B.C. again reversed the relations.
85
1 Chron. iii. 17-19.
86
Ezra ii. 36-39.
87
Ezra ch. ii. As Babylon was conquered in the summer of 538, the first year of Cyrus in Babylon reaches to the summer of 537; Ezra i. 1, 3; Beros. fragm. 15, ed. Müller.
88
Deut. Isa. xlviii. 20.
89
Deut. Isa. lii. 7.
90
Deut. Isa. lii. 11.
91
Deut. Isa. lv. 12.
92
Deut. Isa. xlviii. 21.
93
Deut. Isa. li. 11.
94
Deut. Isa. liv. 6-10.
95
Deut. Isa. xlix. 19; lviii. 12.
96
Deut. Isa. liv. 11.
97
Deut. Isa. lx. 5.
98
Deut. Isa. lxvi. 12.
99
Deut. Isa. xlix. 17.
100
Deut. Isa. lx. 4-9.
101
Deut. Isa. liv. 2.
102
Deut. Isa. xlix. 22, 23.
103
Ewald, "Volk. Israel." 3, 91.
104
Ezra ii. 59-63.
105
Ezra iii. 8-13.
106
Ps. cxxix. – cxxxii.
107
Ezra iv. 1-5, 24. It is obvious that verse 24 must follow on verse 5 in chap. iv. The verses 6-23 treat of things which happened under Xerxes and Artaxerxes, and they have got into the wrong place.
108
Behist. 1, 6.
109
Arrian. "Ind." 1, 1.
110
Plin. "H. N." 6, 25; Ptolem. 6, 18.
111
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