следуют задания подраздела Subject and language study на развитие навыков просмотрового и поискового чтения (skimming and scanning), а также изучающего чтения (reading in detail). Здесь также присутствуют упражнения на повторение грамматики (grammar revision) и усвоение лексики (vocabulary work), которые предваряются кратким изложением основных правил и примерами.
Речевые упражнения подраздела Talking and discussing point направлены на решение задач профессионально – ролевого общения в моделируемых ситуациях, формируя у обучающихся, помимо языковых, и профессиональные навыки специалиста.
Обучение письменной речи в подразделе Writing обеспечивается выполнением заданий на выработку навыков креативного письма (рассказ, эссе, комментарии к высказываниям известных людей и пр.), созданием электронных презентаций, написанием формального и неформального письма и других письменных работ. Основными форматами для заданий являются форматы ЕГЭ и FCE.
Подраздел Check point проверяет уровень усвоения тематического и лексического материала. Данные задания также подходят для выполнения студентами в качестве самопроверки. В конце учебного пособия приводятся ответы к упражнениям, что позволяет использовать пособие для самостоятельной работы.
Unit 1
From the history of sound production
Text 1. Part 1. The Renaissance —
the 1940s
PRE-READING
1. Read the heading of the unit. Write down some words and phrases related to the subject.
2. Can you guess the meaning of these words?
Natural, mono, stereo, history, Renaissance, composer, compose, antiphonal, music, musician, cathedral, choir, organ, incorporate, sonic, effect, concert, hall, German, conductor, complex, orchestra, perform, foyer, audience, specialist, laboratory, telephone, experiment, multichannel, audio, format, system, idea, animated, film, soundtrack, concert, hall, record, technology, engineer, pioneer, reproduction, control, front, configuration, subwoofer, prototype, group, cinematic, commercial, stereophonic, dramatically, military, various, klaxon.
3. Tell the class what you already know on the topic.
4. a) Talk to your classmate. Give your own definition of that special period in the history of humankind called «the Renaissance».
b) Report your definitions back to the class. Discuss and compare your ideas.
c) Study some dictionary definitions of «the Renaissance». Do they differ from how you defined it?
5. You are going to read an article about the history of surround sound. Before you start reading, discuss the following points with the group.
1) What is surround sound? How does it work?
2) Can you name some examples of surround sound systems?
3 What kind of music did the Renaissance composers write?
4) What do you know about the European musicians Hector Berlioz and Richard Wagner?
5) How did Walt Disney and his engineers contribute to the surround sound appearance?
SUBJECT AND LANGUAGE STUDY
Reading
6. Skim the text to complete the following statements:
a) This text considers the…
b) It tells the readers how…
c) Each paragraph gives us information about…
It is more natural for the human ear to listen in surround than to hear sounds in mono or stereo. If we go back to the history as far as the 14—16th centuries, we will see that the Renaissance composers who wrote antiphonal church music managed to fill vast cathedral spaces with the sound of the choir or organ incorporating side-to-side or front-to-rear sonic effects. In 1830, Hector Berlioz composed his Symphonie Fantastique whose score called for the horns to be placed at the back of the concert hall. The German composer and conductor Richard Wagner (1813—1883) created works so mighty and complex that they required large orchestras and the musicians to perform in the foyer, under the stage, and even among the people in the audience.
Throughout the 1930s specialists at Bell Laboratories (also called Bell Labs and formerly known as AT&T Bell Laboratories and Bell Telephone Laboratories) carried out experiments with different multichannel audio formats, including three-channel stereo or system 3.1 (left, center, right). In 1938, Walt Disney triggered off the idea of adding surround sound to his upcoming animated film, Fantasia. The soundtrack was recorded using a technology called Fantasound developed by Disney engineers. Fantasound was a pioneering sound reproduction system, which stored three channels of audio (3.1) and a control track on the film itself. The sound was playbacked through five channels: three front speakers and two rear ones. This speaker configuration, sans subwoofer, was the prototype of the 5.1 arrangement, which is in common use today. Besides – amazingly – the same group of engineers invented multitrack recording, panning, and overdubbing! Thus, Fantasia became the first commercial cinematic release shown in stereophonic sound.
Unfortunately,
