the words/expressions on the left in English-Russian translation.
Task 3. Give the English translation equivalent of the following Russian words and expressions from the above text.
Деловая активность, развитие малого бизнеса, уровень роста, создать рабочие места, промышленно развитый регион, на душу населения, использование природных ресурсов, крупный инвестиционный проект, транспортная инфраструктура, гидроэлектростанция, рынок услуг, конкурентные преимущества, глубокая обработка, постоянный спрос, вертикальная интеграция, умеренный экономический рост, реальные денежные доходы населения, монополистические производители.
Task 4. Give the Russian translation equivalents of the following expressions with the keyword “production”.
Large-scale production, efficient production, annual production, domestic production, food production, livestock production, industrial production, to be in production, to go out of production, to increase production, to stop production, production line, production methods, production processes, production system, production director, production manager, production team, production costs, production capacity, successful production, amateur production, professional production.
Task 5. Translate the following mini-texts into Russian, using words and expressions from the above text and Tasks 2-4 or a dictionary if necessary.
1. Small businesses are common in many countries, depending on the economic system in operation. Typical examples include: convenience stores, other small shops (such as a bakery or delicatessen), hairdressers, tradesmen, lawyers, accountants, restaurants, guest houses, photographers, small-scale manufacturing, and online business, such as web design and programming, etc.
2. From what I know, a business that converts raw material into finished goods is a manufacturing business. There are many examples of manufacturing such as textile manufacturing, furniture manufacturers, and even food processors.
3. The best way to understand a country's economy is by looking at its Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This economic indicator measures the country's total output. This includes everything produced by all the people and all the companies in the country. To get everything produced by a country's citizens, no matter where they are in the world, you should look at Gross National Product (GNP), also called Gross National Income (GNI).
4. Turnover is the name for a measure of how quickly inventory is sold (inventory turnover). A high turnover means that goods are sold quickly, while a low turnover means that goods are sold more slowly. Asset turnover is a financial ratio that measures the efficiency of a company's use of its assets in generating sales revenue or sales income to the company. Turnover (employment), relative rate at which an employer gains and loses staff, especially in North American usage. Customer turnover, the rate at which a business loses customers, sometimes called the churn.
5. Market economies work on the assumption that market forces, such as supply and demand, are the best determinants of what is right for a nation’s well-being. These economies rarely engage in government interventions such as price fixing, license quotas and industry subsidizations. While most developed nations today could be classified as having mixed economies, they are often said to have market economies because they allow market forces to drive most of their activities, typically engaging in government intervention only to the extent that it is needed to provide stability.
6. In accounting, an economic entity is one of the assumptions made in generally accepted accounting principles. Basically, any organization or unit in society can be an economic entity. Examples of economic entities are hospitals, companies, municipalities, and federal agencies.
7. Real estate is property consisting of land and the buildings on it, along with its natural resources such as crops, minerals, or water; immovable property of this nature; an interest vested in this; (also) an item of real property; (more generally) buildings or housing in general. Also: the business of real estate; the profession of buying, selling, or renting land, buildings or housing.
Task 6. Determine the key information in each paragraph of the text “Industrial and Economic Potential of the Krasnoyarsk Krai” and the corresponding key concepts, words and expressions; write them down in the language of the original text.
Task 7. Find the Russian equivalents of the written down English words and expressions from the text “Industrial and Economic Potential of the Krasnoyarsk Krai” (Task 6).
Task 8. Translate the first seven paragraphs of the text “Industrial and Economic Potential of the Krasnoyarsk Krai” into Russian, using the words and expressions from Tasks 6–7 and a dictionary if necessary.
Task 9. Summarize in English the main ideas of the text “Industrial and Economic Potential of the Krasnoyarsk Krai”; give a 300–350 word written summary.
Text 4. Legislative Acts Regulating Investment Activity
Task 1. Read and study the following text, referring to the vocabulary list given below.
There are following legislative acts that regulate investment activity in the Krasnoyarsk Krai:
• Constitution of the Russian Federation;
• Civil Code of the Russian Federation;
• Investment Activity Act;
• Investment Activity in the Form of Capital Investments Act;
• Russian Federation Federal Act on Foreign Investments;
• Leasing Act;
• The law of the Krasnoyarsk Krai “On state support of investment activity in the Krasnoyarsk Krai”.
The law “On state support of investment activity in the Krasnoyarsk Krai” is aimed at the development of investment activity in the region, creation of the most favorable conditions for the investors and establishes additional guarantees of investment activity which are carried out in the form of capital investments in the Krasnoyarsk Krai.
General principles of state support of investment activity in the Krasnoyarsk Krai are:
1. Objectivity and economic validity of the decisions made.
2. Transparency and availability of information necessary for realization of investment projects for investors.
3. Purpose-oriented character of regional budget distribution.
4. Efficiency and economy of the regional budget use.
5. Diversification
