of a certainty have no modesty. We must therefore take all pains to teach our sons self-control, emulating the conduct of Eurydice, who, though an Illyrian and more than a barbarian, to teach her sons educated herself though late in life, and her love to them is well depicted in the inscription which she offered to the Muses: "Eurydice of Hierapolis made this offering to the Muses, having conceived a vast love for knowledge. For when a mother with sons full-grown she learnt letters, the preservers of knowledge."
To carry out all these precepts would be perhaps a visionary scheme; but to attain to many, though it would need a happy disposition and much care, is a thing possible to human nature.43
3 Euripides, "Here. Fur." 1261, 1262.
4 Euripides, "Hippol." 424, 425.
5 Cleophantus is the name given to this lad by other writers.
6 Compare Sophocles, "Œdipus Tyrannus," 112, 113.
7 The Thessalians were very pugnacious. Cf. Isocrates, "Oratio de Pace," p. 316. οἱ μὲν (θετταλοὶ) σφίσιν αύσῖς ἀτοῖς ἀεὶ πολεμοῦσιν.
8 A proverbial expression among the ancients for earliest childhood. See Erasmus, "Adagia."
9 Plato, "Republic," ii. p. 429, E.
10 See Erasmus, "Adagia."
11 It is difficult to know how to render the word παιδαγωγὸς in English. He was the slave who took the boy to school, and generally looked after him from his seventh year upward. Tutor or governor seems the best rendering. He had great power over the boy entrusted to him.
12 Plato, "Clitophon," p. 255, D.
13 Compare Diogenes Laertius, ii. 72.
14 Reading κοιτοφθοροῦντες, the excellent emendation of Wyttenbach.
15 From the heathen standpoint of course, not from the Christian. Compare the advice of Cato in Horace's "Satires," Book i. Sat. ii. 31–35. It is a little difficult to know what Diogenes' precept really means. Is it that vice is universal? Like Shakespeare's "Measure for Measure," Act ii. Sc. ii. 5. "All sects, all ages smack of this vice."
16 He was asked by Polus, see Plato, "Gorgias," p. 290, F.
17 "Hippolytus," 986–989.
18 Cf. Plato, "Cratylus," p. 257, E. ὦ παῖ Ὶππονίκου Ὲρμόγενες, παλαιὰ παροιμἰα, ὃτι χαλεπὰ τὰ καλἀ ἐσιν ὃπη ἔχει μαθεῖν. So Horace, "Sat." i. ix. 59, 60, "Nil sine magno Vita labore dedit mortalibus."
19 "Midias," p. 411, C.
20 i.e., occasionally and sparingly.
21 Diogenes Laertius assigns the remark to Aristippus, while Stobæus fathers it on Aristo.
22 A favourite thought with the ancients. Compare Isocrates, "Admonitio ad Demonicum," p. 18; and Aristotle, "Nic. Eth.," iv. 3.
23 "Republic," vii. p. 489, E.
24 A famous Proverb. It is "the master's eye" generally, as in Xenophon, "Œconom." xii. 20; and Aristotle, "Œconom." i. 6.
25 "Works and Days," 361, 362. The lines were favourite ones with our author. He quotes them again, § 3, of "How one may be aware of one's Progress in Virtue."
26 See Pausanias, ix. 9. Also Erasmus, "Adagia."
27 A fragment from the "Protesilaus" of Euripides. Our "It takes two to make a quarrel."
28 See Plutarch's Lysander.
29 Or symposium, where all sorts of liberties were taken.
30 I have softened his phrase. His actual words were very coarse, and would naturally be resented by Ptolemy. See Athenæus, 621, A.
31 See "Iliad," v. 83; xvi. 334; xx, 477.
32 A fragment from the "Dictys" of Euripides.
33 "Republ." v. 463, F. sq.
34 Cf. Shakespeare's "Winter Tale," Act iii. sc. iii. 59–63.
35 As Horace's father did. See "Satires," Book i. Sat. iv. 105–129.
36 What we call black sheep.
37 From Simonides. Cf. Seneca, "Epist." xlix. "Punctum est quod vivimus, et adhuc puncto minus."
38 Reading with Wyttenbach, ὡς ἐκ λογικῆς τέχνης.
39 Like Carker in Dombey.
40 Compare
