Mix and dissolve, then add:
The castor oil prevents the cement from becoming hard and brittle.
A cement used to fasten bicycle tires may be made by melting together at a gentle heat equal parts of gutta percha and asphalt. Apply hot. Sometimes a small quantity each of sulphur and red lead is added (about 1 part of each to 20 parts of cement).
Cements For Leather.—
| I.— | Gutta percha | 20 parts |
|---|---|---|
| Syrian asphalt, powdered | 20 parts | |
| Carbon disulphide | 50 parts | |
| Oil of turpentine | 10 parts |
The gutta percha, shredded fine, is dissolved in the carbon disulphide and turpentine oil. To the solution add the asphalt and set away for several days, or until the asphalt is dissolved. The cement should have the consistency of honey. If the preparation is thinner than this let it stand, open, for a few days. Articles to be patched should first be washed with benzine.
| II.— | Glue | 1 ounce |
|---|---|---|
| Starch paste | 2 ounces | |
| Turpentine | 1 drachm | |
| Water, a sufficient quantity. | ||
Dissolve the glue in sufficient water with heat; mix the starch paste with water; add the turpentine, and finally mix with the glue while hot.
III.—Soak for one day 1 pound of common glue in enough water to cover, and 1 pound of isinglass in ale droppings. Then mix together and heat gently until boiling. At this point add a little pure tannin and keep boiling for an hour. If the glue and isinglass when mixed are too thick, add water. This cement should be used warm and the jointed leather pressed tightly together for 12 hours.
IV.—A waterproof cement for leather caoutchouc, or balata, is prepared by dissolving gutta percha, caoutchouc, benzoin, gum lac, mastic, etc., in some convenient solvent like carbon disulphide, chloroform, ether, or alcohol. The best solvent, however, in the case of gutta percha, is carbon disulphide and ether for mastic. The most favorable proportions are as follows: Gutta percha, 200 to 300 parts to 100 parts of the solvent, and 75 to 85 parts of mastic to 100 parts of ether. From 5 to 8 parts of the former solution are mixed with 1 {24} part of the latter, and the mixture is then boiled on the water bath, or in a vessel fitted with a water jacket.
V.—Make a solution of 200 to 300 parts of caoutchouc, gutta percha, india rubber, benzoin, or similar gum, in 1,000 parts of carbon disulphide, chloroform, ether, or alcohol, and of this add 5 to 8 parts to a solution of mastic (75 to 125 parts) in ether 100 parts, of equal volume and boil together. Use hot water as the boiling agent, or boil very cautiously on the water bath.
VI.—Forty parts of aluminum acetate, 10° B., 10 parts of glue, 10 parts of rye flour. These materials are either to be simultaneously mixed and boiled, or else the glue is to be dissolved in the aluminum acetate, and the flour stirred into the solution. This is an excellent cement for leather, and is used in so-called art work with leather, and with leather articles which are made of several pieces. It is to be applied warm.
Rubber Cement For Cloth.
—The following formulas have been recommended:
I.—Caoutchouc, 5 parts; chloroform, 3 parts. Dissolve and add gum mastic (powder) 1 part.
II.—Gutta percha, 16 parts; india rubber, 4 parts; pitch, 2 parts; shellac, 1 part; linseed oil, 2 parts. Reduce the solids to small pieces, melt together with the oil and mix well.
III.—The following cement for mending rubber shoes and tires will answer similar purposes:
| Caoutchouc in shavings | 10 parts by weight |
| Rosin | 4 parts by weight |
| Gum turpentine | 40 parts by weight |
| Oil turpentine, enough. | |
Melt together first the caoutchouc and rosin, then add the gum turpentine, and when all is liquefied, add enough of oil of turpentine to preserve it liquid. A second solution is prepared by dissolving together:
| Caoutchouc | 10 parts by weight |
| Chloroform | 280 parts by weight |
For use these two solutions are mixed. Wash the hole in the rubber shoe over with the cement, then a piece of linen dipped in it is placed over it; as soon as the linen adheres to the sole, the cement is then applied as thickly as required.
Cements For Metals and For Attaching Various Substances To Metals:
Cements For Iron.
—I.—To make a good cement for iron on iron, make a thick paste, with water, of powdered iron, 60 parts; sal ammoniac, 2 parts, and sulphur flowers, 1 part. Use while fresh.
II.—Sulphur flowers, 6 parts; dry white lead 6 parts, and powdered borax, 1 part. Mix by sifting and keep as a dry powder in a closed tin box. To use, make into a thin paste with strong sulphuric acid and press together immediately. This cement will harden in 5 days.
| III.— | Graphite | 50 pounds |
|---|---|---|
| Whiting | 15 pounds | |
| Litharge | 15 pounds |
Make to a paste with a boiled oil.
IV.—Make a paste of white lead and asbestos.
V.—Make a paste of litharge and glycerine. Red lead may be added. This also does for stone.
VI.—Make a paste of boiled oil of equal parts of white lead, pipe clay, and black oxide of manganese.
VII.—Make iron filings to a paste with water glass.
| VIII.— | Sal ammoniac | 4 ounces |
|---|---|---|
| Sulphur | 2 ounces | |
| Iron filings | 32 ounces |
Make as much as is to be used at once to a paste with a little water. This remark applies to both the following dry recipes:
| IX.— | Iron filings | 160 ounces |
|---|---|---|
| Lime | 80 ounces | |
| Red lead | 16 ounces | |
| Alum | 8 ounces | |
| Sal ammoniac | 2 ounces | |
| X.— | Clay | 10 ounces |
| Iron filings | 4 ounces | |
| Salt | 1 ounce | |
| Borax | 1 ounce | |
| Black oxide of manganese | 2 ounces | |
| XI.—Mix: | ||
| Iron filings | 180 ounces | |
| Lime | 45 ounces | |
| Salt | 8 ounces | |
| XII.—Mix: | ||
| Iron filings | 140 ounces | |
| Hydraulic lime | 20 ounces | |
| Sand | 25 ounces | |
| Sal ammoniac | 3 ounces |
Either of these last two mixtures is made into a paste with strong vinegar just before use.
XIII.—Mix equal weights of zinc oxide and black oxide of manganese into a paste with water glass.
XIV.—Copal varnish, 15 parts;
