excess of free acid is eliminated, diluting with distilled water, and adding mercury to the fluid in the proportion of 4 parts, by weight, of mercury to 1 of the silver originally used. The mercury precipitates the silver in a metallic state, and immediately forms an amalgam with it; the fluid standing above after a time contains no more silver, but consists of a solution of mercury nitrate mixed with whatever copper was contained in the dissolved silver in the form of copper nitrate. The absence of a white precipitate, if a few drops of hydrochloric acid are added to a sample of the fluid in a test tube, shows that all the silver has been eliminated from the solution and is present in the form of amalgam.
Amalgam For The Rubber Of Electric Machines.
—Mercury, 100 parts; zinc, 50 parts; tin, 50 parts. This amalgam reduced to powder and incorporated with grease can be applied to the rubber of electric machines.
AMALGAM GOLD PLATING: See Gilding under Plating.
AMBER:
Imitation Amber.
—Melt carefully together pine rosin, 1; lacca in tabulis, 2; white colophony, 15 parts. {91}
AMBER CEMENT: See Adhesives under Cements.
AMBER VARNISH: See Varnishes.
AMBROSIA POWDER: See Salts (Effervescent).
AMIDOL DEVELOPER: See Photography.
AMETHYST (IMITATION): See Gems, Artificial.
AMMON-CARBONITE: See Explosives.
AMMONIA
Household Ammonia.
—(See also Household Formulas.)—Household ammonia is simply diluted ammonia water to which borax and soap have been added. To make it cloudy add potassium nitrate or methylated spirit. The following are good formulas:
| I.— | Ammonia water | 16 parts |
|---|---|---|
| Yellow soap | 64 parts | |
| Potassium nitrate | 1 part | |
| Soft water, sufficient to make | 200 parts |
Shave up the soap and dissolve it in the water by heating, add the potassium nitrate and dissolve. Cool, strain, skim off any suds or bubbles, add the ammonia, mix, and bottle at once.
| II.— | Yellow soap | 10 grains |
|---|---|---|
| Borax | 1 drachm | |
| Lavender water | 20 minims | |
| Stronger ammonia water | 6 ounces | |
| Water, enough to make | 20 ounces |
Dissolve the soap and borax in 5 ounces of boiling water; when cold add the lavender water and ammonia, and make up to a pint with water.
| III.— | Methylated spirit | 1 gallon |
|---|---|---|
| Soft water | 1 gallon | |
| Stronger ammonia water | 1 gallon | |
| IV.— | Ammonia water | 5 pints |
| Distilled water | 5 pints | |
| Soap | 100 grains | |
| Olive oil | 5 drachms |
Cut the soap in shavings, boil with the oil and water, cool, add the ammonia water, and bottle. For use in laundries, baths, and for general household purposes add one tablespoonful to one gallon of water.
V.—The best quality:
| Alcohol, 94 per cent | 4 ounces |
| Soft water | 4 gallons |
| Oil of rosemary | 4 drachms |
| Oil of citronella | 3 drachms |
Dissolve the oils in the alcohol and add to the water. To the mixture add 4 ounces of talc (or fuller’s earth will answer), mix thoroughly, strain through canvas, and to the colate add 1, 2, or 3 gallons of ammonia water, according to the strength desired, in which has been dissolved 1, 2, or 3 ounces of white curd, or soft soap.
Liquor Ammonii Anisatus.—
| Oil of anise, by weight | 1 part |
| Alcohol, by weight | 24 parts |
| Water of ammonia, by weight | 5 parts |
Dissolve the oil in the alcohol and add the water of ammonia.
It should be a clear, yellowish liquid.
Violet Color For Ammonia.
—A purple-blue color may be given to ammonia water by adding an aqueous solution of litmus. The shade, when pale enough, will probably meet all views as to a violet color.
Perfumed Ammonia Water.
—The following are typical formulas:
| I.— | Stronger water of ammonia | 6 ounces |
|---|---|---|
| Lavender water | 1 ounce | |
| Soft soap | 10 grains | |
| Water, enough to make | 16 ounces | |
| II.— | Soft soap | 1 ounce |
| Borax | 2 drachms | |
| Cologne water | 1/2 ounce | |
| Stronger water of ammonia | 5 1/2 ounces | |
| Water, enough to make | 12 ounces |
Rub up the soap and borax with water until dissolved, strain and add the other ingredients. The perfumes may be varied to suit the price.
AMMONIA FOR FIXING PRINTS: See Photography.
ANGOSTURA BITTERS: See Wines and Liquors.
ANILINE: See Dyes.
ANILINE IN PIGMENTS, TESTS FOR: See Pigments.
ANILINE STAINS, TO REMOVE: See Cleaning Preparations and Methods. {92}
ANISE CORDIAL: See Wines and Liquors.
ANKARA: See Butter.
ANNEALING OF STEEL, TOOLS, WIRE, AND SPRINGS: See Steel.
ANODYNES: See Pain Killers.
ANT DESTROYERS: See Insecticides.
ANTIDOTES FOR POISONS
Poison, Symptoms And Antidotes.
When a person has taken poison the first thing to do is to compel the patient to vomit, and for that purpose give any emetic that can be most readily and quickly obtained, and which is prompt and energetic, but safe in its action. For this purpose there is, perhaps, nothing better than a large teaspoonful of ground mustard in a tumblerful of warm water, and it has the advantage of being almost always at hand. If the dry mustard is not to be had use mixed mustard from the mustard pot. Its operation
