“Pei volontarii in Grecia,” L’Agitazione, May 22, 1897.
77 For a reconstruction of Francesco Saverio Merlino’s thinking, the reader is referred especially to Aldo Venturini’s following works: La revisione del marxismo. Lineamenti di un socialismo integrale (Bologna: Libreria Editrice Minerva, 1945); Il problema economico e politico del socialismo (Milan: Longanesi, 1948); with P. C. Masini, Concezione critica del socialismo libertario (Florence: La Nuova Italia, 1957); Il socialismo senza Marx. Studi e polemiche per una revisione della dottrina socialista (1897–1930) (Bologna: Boni, 1974); Alle origini del socialismo liberale. Francesco Saverio Merlino (Bologna: Boni, 1983). On the controversy about abstentionism and Merlino’s resultant drift away from anarchism, see E. Malatesta and F. S. Merlino, Anarchismo e democrazia. Soluzione anarchica e soluzione democratica del problema della libertà in una società socialista (Ragusa: La Fiaccola, 1974) and G. Berti, Francesco Saverio Merlino. Dall’anarchismo socialista al socialismo liberale (1856–1930) (Milan: Franco Angeli, 1993), 235–56. See also G. Landi (ed.), La fine del socialismo? Francesco Saverio Merlino e l’anarchismo possibile (Chieti: CSL Di Sciullo, 2010).
78 “I socialisti anarchici ai lavoratori italiani in occasione delle elezioni,” enclosed in L’Agitazione, March 21, 1897.
79 On this topic, see the following articles carried by L’Agitazione: “Le candidature di protesta,” March 14, 1897; “La candidatura Cipriani,” June 25, 1897; “Ancora la candidatura Cipriani,” July 2, 1897; “Cipriani e noi,” July 16, 1897; “Tattica elettorale,” July 30, 1897; “La candidatura Cipriani,” January 13, 1898.
80 See especially “Leghe di resistenza” published in the one-off Agitiamoci per il Socialismo Anarchico, 1 May 1897. On the need for anarchists to get involved in the labor movement, see also: “Lotta politica e lotta economica,” L’Agitazione, June 11, 1897; “L’anarchismo nel movimento operaio” and “Per l’organizzazione dei tipografi,” L’Agitazione, 7 October 1897.
81 Berti, Errico Malatesta e il movimento anarchico, 245–51.
82 Masini, Storia degli anarchici italiani nell’epoca degli attentati, 97.
83 Santarelli, Le Marche dall’Unità al fascismo, 173–76; S. Anselmi, Ancona e la provincia nella crisi di fine secolo: I moti per il carovita (Urbino: Argalia, 1969), 44 ff.
84 Luce Fabbri, 24 ff.; R. Giulianelli, “Il giovane Fabbri, 1893–1901,” Rivista Storica dell’Anarchismo, no. 2 (2003): 24–27.
85 Luigi Fabbri, “Come conobbi Errico Malatesta,” Studi Sociali (Montevideo), November 20, 1933.
86 N. S. Onofri, sub voce “Samaja, Nino,” DBAI, vol. 2.
87 Luce Fabbri, 43–44.
88 [Editor’s note] In 1884, Malatesta, Merlino and others were convincted in Rome for association of malefactors. In 1921, Malatesta and others stood trial in Milan on a number of charges, including conspiracy and incitement to class hatred. The trial was actually unrelated to the Diana theater bombing of March 23, 1921. In fact, the bombing was an act of protest against Malatesta’s prolonged detention without trial.
89 Una pagina di storia del partito socialista-anarchico: Resoconto del processo a Malatesta e c.ni (Tunis: Tipografia socialista anarchica, 1898); Dell’Erba, 121–25; Berti, Errico Malatesta e il movimento anarchico, 274–81.
90 Masini, Storia degli anarchici italiani nell’epoca degli attentati, 101.
91 Ibid., 105.
92 M. Nettlau, Errico Malatesta (Pescara: Samizdat 1996; originally published 1922), 143.
93 Giulianelli, Il giovane Fabbri, 43–46.
94 Berti, Errico Malatesta e il movimento anarchico, 285.
95 Luce Fabbri, 97 ff.
96 The new series of L’Agitazione was published in Ancona from March 14, 1900 until April 11 of the next year. The editorial office was then moved to Rome, where the paper carried on publishing from June 14, 1901 until May 1, 1906 (Bettini, 145–46 and 153–55).
97 Bettini, 190–1 and 236–37. Of the two papers named above, La Vita Operaia was undoubtedly the most important. Founded by Fabbri and Felicioli as well as Angelozzi, it was published from April 1906 to November 1907, to shut down for good in February 1908. An expression of anarchist syndicalism, it provided the model followed by Lo Sprone between June and September 1910, albeit in a smaller format.
98 R. Giulianelli, sub voce “Alberico Angelozzi” in DBAI, vol. 1, and DBMSM.
99 “Adesioni al programma socialista-anarchico,” L’Avvenire sociale, July 17, 1901. This initiative on the part of Ancona’s anarchists followed a resolution passed on June 29, 1900 at the Romagna Anarchist Socialist Congress (which had promoted the creation of regional federations across the country) and the publication of the pamphlet Programma e tattica by the Lazio Anarchist Socialist Federation (which revived, with some adjustments, the ideas that had come to the fore at Capolago).
100 R. Giulianelli. “Le origini della camera del lavoro di Ancona (1900–1910),” in 1900–2000: 100 anni di lavoro per il lavoro, edited by Camera del Lavoro Territoriale di Ancona (Ancona: Tecnoprint, 2000), 37–43.
101 M. Antonioli, Azione diretta e organizzazione operaia. Sindacalismo rivoluzionario e anarchismo tra la fine dell’Ottocento e il fascismo (Manduria: Lacaita, 1990), 231 ff.
102 Berti, Il pensiero anarchico, 414–15.
103 Masini, Storia degl anarchici italiani nell’epoca degli attentati, 20.
