and the Wattlebirds (Callaeidae, two species) and in Hawaii the family of Hawaiian Creepers (Drepanididae, 20 species). All members of the Hawaiian Creepers’ family relate back to a finch-like bird, which arrived in Hawaii a long time ago and who’s offspring diversified into a large number of species, of which only these 20 remain today. Other bird groups that are represented by many endemics in the area are:
• Rails and Crakes (family Rallidae); in total 135 species worldwide, of which 21 are found in the area, including six endemics;
• Ground-Doves (genus Gallicolumba); in total 16 species in Philippines, Indonesia and Polynesia, of which six are found in the area, including four endemics;
• Fruit-Doves (genus Ptilinopus); in total 51 species in Melanesia, Philippines and Polynesia, of which 15 are found in the area, including 11 endemics;
• Reed-Warblers (genus Acrocephalus); in total 37 species worldwide, of which 15 are found in the area, including ten endemics;
• Monarch Flycatchers (family Monarchidae); in total 100 species in the tropics, of which 21 are found in the area, including 15 endemics;
• White-eyes (family Zosteropidae); in total 96 species in the tropics and subtropics, of which 14 are found in the area, including ten endemics.
The large family of the Parrots Psittacidae (worldwide 347 species) is represented by only 28 species, relatively a small amount, of which 16 are endemic and ten are introduced.
Except the ‘true’ endemics there are also several breeding endemics, especially seabirds who visit countries in the area only to breed but disperse widely after breeding. New Zealand counts 12 breeding endemics, given in the following list:
3.1 Fiordland Penguin
Eudyptes pachyrhynchus
3.2 Snares Penguin
Eudyptes robustus
3.3 Erect-Crested Penguin
Eudyptes sclateri
6.5 Buller’s Albatross
Thallasarche bulleri
9.9 Magenta Petrel
Pterodroma magentae
10.1 Chatham Petrel
Pterodroma axillaris
10.8 Cook’s Petrel
Pterodroma cookii
11.1 Pycroft’s Petrel
Pterodroma pycrofti
12.7 Westland Petrel
Procellaria westlandica
12.9 Parkinson’s Petrel
Procellaria parkinsoni
14.2 Buller’s Shearwater
Puffinus bulleri
14.5 Hutton’s Shearwater
Puffinus huttoni
THE PLATES
1 Grebes & Loon
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1.1 PIED-BILLED GREBE Podilymbus podiceps [Grèbe à bec bigarré] L 34cm. Note heavy bill. Rather vocal. Moults before departure from winter quarters. Wings unmarked in flight.    |
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1.2 RED-NECKED GREBE Podiceps grisegena [Grèbe jougris] L 47cm. Note yellow base to long bill and thick neck. Br and N-br wing pattern like Br plumage of smaller 1.3. |
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1.3 HORNED GREBE Podiceps auritus [Grèbe esclavon] L 35cm. From 1.4 by pale tip to bill. Br plumage from 1.4 by colour of neck. Crown of N-br plumage peaks further back than in 1.4. N-br wing pattern like 1.4. |
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1.4 EARED GREBE Podiceps nigricollis [Grèbe à cou noir] L 31cm. Differs in N-br plumage from 1.3 by different head silhouette with diffuse streak behind eye. |
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1.5 HOARY-HEADED GREBE Podiocephalus poliocephalus [Grèbe argenté] L 29cm. From 1.3 and 1.4 by range. Rather pale and slim without chestnut tones in plumage (see Br plumage of 1.6). Note clean white cheeks in N-br plumage. |
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