The Big R-Book. Philippe J. S. De Brouwer

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of results and we use R to generate slides, text documents and even interactive websites! Finally we explore big data and provide handy tips on speeding up code.

      I hope that this book helps you to learn faster than me, and build a great and interesting career.

      Enjoy reading!

       Philippe De Brouwer

       2020

      This book is accompanied by a companion website:

       www.wiley.com/go/De Brouwer/The Big R-Book

      The website includes materials for students and instructors:

      The Student companion site will contain the R-code, and the Instructor companion site will contain PDF slides based on the book's content.

      Dr. Philippe J.S. De Brouwer leads expert teams in the service centre of HSBC in Krakow, is Honorary Consul for Belgium in Krakow, and is also guest professor at the University of Warsaw, Jagiellonian University, and AGH University of Science and Technology. He teaches both at executive MBA programs and mathematics faculties.

      He studied theoretical physics, and later acquired his second Master degree while working. Finishing thisMaster, he solved the “fallacy of large numbers puzzle” that was formulated by P.A. Samuelson 38 years before and remained unsolved since then. In his Ph.D., he successfully challenged the assumptions of the noble price winning “Modern portfolio Theory” of H. Markovitz, by creating “Maslowian Portfolio Theory.”

      His career brought him into insurance, banking, investment management, and back to banking, while his specialization shifted from IT, data science to people management.

      For Fortis (now BNP), he created one of the first capital guaranteed funds and got promoted to director in 2000. In 2002, he joined KBC, where he merged four companies into one and subsequently became CEO of the merged entity in 2005. Under his direction, the company climbed from number 11 to number 5 on the market, while the number of competitors increased by 50%. In the aftermath of the 2008 crisis, he helped creating a new assetmanager for KBC in Ireland that soon accommodated the management of ca. 1000 investment funds and had about =C120 billion under management. In 2012, he widened his scope by joining the risk management of the bank and specialized in statistics and numerical methods. Later, Philippe worked for the Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS) in London and specialized in Big Data, analytics and people management. In 2016, he joined HSBC and is passionate about building up a Centre of Excellence in risk management in the service centre in Krakow. One of his teams, the independent model review team, validates the most important models used in the banking group worldwide.

      Married and father of two, he invests his private time in the future of the education by volunteering as board member of the International School of Krakow. Thisway, he contributes modestly to the cosmopolitan ambitions of Krakow. He gives back to society by assuming the responsibility of Honorary Consul for Belgium in Krakow, and mainly helps travellers in need.

      In his free time, he teaches at the mathematics departments of AGH University of Science and Technology and Jagiellonian University in Krakow and at the executive MBA programs the Krakow Business School of the University of Economics in Krakow and the Warsaw University. He teaches subjects like finance, behavioural economics, decision making, Big Data, bank management, structured finance, corporate banking, financial markets, financial instruments, team-building, and leadership. What stands out is his data and analytics course: with this course he manages to provide similar content with passion for undergraduatemathematics students and experienced professionals of anMBAprogram. This variety of experience and teaching experience in both business and mathematics is what lays the foundations of this book: the passion to bridge the gap between theory and practice.

      Preface

      The author has written this book based on his experience that spans roughly three decades in insurance, banking, and asset management. During his career, the author worked in IT, structured and managed highly technical investment portfolios (at some point oversaw €C24 billion in thousand investment funds), fulfilled many C-level roles (e.g. was CEO of KBCTFI SA [an asset manager in Poland], was CIO and COO for Eperon SA [a fund manager in Ireland] and sat on boards of investment funds, and was involved in big-data projects in London), and did quantitative analysis in risk departments of banks. This gave the author a unique and in-depth view of many areas ranging form analytics, big-data, databases, business requirements, financial modelling, etc.

      In this book, the author presents a structured overview of his knowledge and experience for anyone whoworks with data and invites the reader to understand the bigger picture, and discover new aspects. This book also demystifies hype around machine learning and AI, by helping the reader to understand the models and programthem in R without spending toomuch time on the theory.

      This book aims to be a starting point for quants, data scientists, modellers, etc. It aims to be the book that bridges different disciplines so that a specialist in one domain can grab this book, understand how his/her discipline fits in the bigger picture, and get enough material to understand the person who is specialized in a related discipline. Therefore, it could be the ideal book that helps you to make career move to another discipline so that in a few years you are that person who understands the whole data-chain. In short, the author wants to give you a short-cut to the knowledge that he spent 30 years to accumulate.

      Another important point is that this book is written by and for practitioners: people that work with data, programming and mathematics for a living in a corporate environment. So, this book would be most interesting for anyone interested in data-science, machine learning, statistical learning and mathematical modelling and whomeverwants to convey technical matters in a clear and concise way to non-specialists.

      This also means that this book is not necessarily the best book in any of the disciplines that it spans. In every specialisation there are already good contenders.

       More formal introductions to statistics are for example in: Cyganowski, Kloeden, and Ombach (2001) and Andersen et al. (1987). There are also many books about specific stochastic processes and their applications in financial markets: see e.g. Wolfgang and Baschnagel (1999), Malliaris and Brock (1982), and Mikosch (1998). While knowledge of stochastic processes and their importance in asset pricing are important, this covers only a very narrow spot of applications and theory. This book is more general, more gently on theoretical foundations and focusses more on the use of data to answer real-life problems in everyday business environment.

       A comprehensive introduction to statistics or econometrics can be found in Peracchi (2001) or Greene (1997). A general and comprehensive introduction in statistics is also in Neter, Wasserman, and Whitmore (1988).

       This is not simply a book about programming and/or any related techniques. If you just want to learn programming in R, then Grolemund (2014) will be get you started faster. Our Part II will also get you started in programming, though it assumes a certain familiarity with programming and mainly zooms in on aspects that will be important in the rest of the book.

       This book is not a comprehensive books about financialmodelling. Other books do a better job

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