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*Corresponding author: [email protected]
3
UV Curing of Nail Gels by Light Emitting Diode (LED) and Fluorescent (FL) Light Sources
Michael J. Dvorchak* and Melanie L. Clouser
Dvorchak Enterprises LLC, Monroeville, PA, USA
Abstract
The UV nail gel area has seen a significant growth in the cosmetics industry. The significant performance advantage over traditional nail polishes cannot be under-stated. The ability to take a liquid that has been applied to the human nail and cure it within minutes is the major driving force for the development of UV nail gels. Adhesion of the UV nail gel lacquer can be problematic unless the surface free energy and mechanical properties are taken into account. Since the UV nail gels are so highly cross-linked, the removal can also be problematic and new techniques are being developed to reduce the stress on the human nail. Longevity of the UV nail gel finish is also very important but needs to be buffered with the fact that it will be removed within two weeks. Safety of the UV cure lights, (meth) acrylate monomers and oligomers is an issue and needs to be taken into consideration during their use.
Keywords: Ultra violet, free radical, polymerization, photoinitiator, UV nail gel, oligomers, (meth) acrylate monomer, UV cure polyurethane dispersions
3.1 Introduction
The global UV gel market is reported to be worth $59.31 M by the end of 2020. The Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) is estimated to be at 6.6% [1]. With this in mind it is very important to understand what this technology is and how it is used. The UV nail gel market has its roots in the UV-cure industrial coatings and dental market. The need to go away from the closed high-performance UV light sources to the newer low energy UV-A technology was driven by still accomplishing the cure without sacrificing performance. Many new oligomers and photoinitiators (PIs) were developed to meet the need of the UV-A cure in automotive and aero-space areas. These technologies
