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Dedication
This edition is dedicated to the memory of Robin Gray. You left fingerprints of grace on my academic career path. You shan't be forgotten.
For my 2Ms: my wife Manal and son‐in‐law Mohsi
For my 3Ls: Loujin, Lilas, and Leanne
Temporomandibular Disorders
A problem‐based approach
Second Edition
Dr M. Ziad Al‐Ani
BDS, Oral Surg PG Dip, Fixed Pros PG Dip, MSc, PhD, MFDS RCS(Ed), FHEA
Senior Lecturer
Glasgow Dental Hospital and School
The University of Glasgow
Dr Robin J.M. Gray
(1951 ‐ 2019)
BDS, MDS, PhD, MFGDP RCS(Eng), FFDS RCS(Ed ), FHEA
Specialist in Oral Surgery
Formerly Director of Manchester Dental Specialists
Formerly Senior Lecturer, Co‐ordinator of TMD Clinical Teaching
and Research Services, Department of Dental Medicine and Surgery,
University Dental Hospital of Manchester, Manchester
Formerly Principal of Grays Dental Care, General Dental Practice
This second edition first published 2021
© 2021 M. Ziad Al‐Ani and Robin J.M. Gray
Edition History
John Wiley & Sons Ltd (1e, 2011)
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