(early form of written)
Jacob narrative, Joseph novella, and exodus‐Moses narrative
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Song of Deborah (written form)
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Omride dynasty (880–841)
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Jehu’s coup (841)
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800
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Jeroboam II (782–753)Amos
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Isaiah (early prophecy) Assyrian domination of Israel begins (745–)
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Syro‐Ephraimite war (735–734)
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Hosea
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Assyrian domination of Judah (734–)
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Micah, Isaiah (later prophecy)
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Assyrian destruction of Israel (722)
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Hezekiah (715–686)
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Hezekiah’s rebellion and reform (705)
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700
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Sennacherib’s attack and mysterious withdrawal (701)
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Manasseh (686–642)
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Amon (642–640)
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(Waning of Assyrian power)
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Josiah (640–609)
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Zephaniah
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Josiah’s reform (623)
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Josianic edition of Deuteronomy, 2 Kings, etc.
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(Fall of Nineveh, Assyria’s capital)
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Nahum
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Jeremiah
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Domination of Judah by Babylonia
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600
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First wave of exiles (597)
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Ezekiel’s early prophecy
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Destruction of Jerusalem and second wave of exiles (586)
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Lamentations and Psalm 137
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Ezekiel’s later prophecy
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Third wave of exiles (582)
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Exilic additions to Deuteronomy, 2 Kings, and other Books
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Non‐P/L Pentateuchal source (incorporating exilic‐modified forms of older non‐P primeval history, Jacob‐Joseph story, exodus‐Moses story, and Deuteronomy)
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Priestly Pentateuchal source
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Second Isaiah
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Persian conquering of Babylonian empire (539)
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First wave of returnees (~538)
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Another wave, beginning of Temple restoration (532)
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Another wave with Zerubbabel, completion of Temple rebuilding (520–515)
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Haggai and Zechariah (1–9)
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500
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Nehemiah’s return and governorships (445–425)(rebuilding wall, purification of priesthood)
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Nehemiah memoir
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400
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Return with Ezra, divorce of foreign wives, elevation of Torah (397–)
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Combined (P and non‐P/L) Pentateuch
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Narratives of Temple‐rebuilding and Ezra
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Third Isaiah
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Psalter (final, Torah‐oriented version of the book)
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Greek conquering of Persian empire (332)
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300
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(Shifting domination of Palestine by Greek Ptolemies (Egypt) and Seleucids (Mesopotamia); 332–142)
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Early parts of Enoch
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1–2 Chronicles
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Wisdom of Ben Sira (Sirach)
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200
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Jason purchase
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(early form of written) Jacob narrative, Joseph novella, and exodus‐Moses narrative
