10Figure 10.1 Sites of the major pulses.Figure 10.2 Radial pulse.Figure 10.3 Sphygmomanometer and stethoscope.Figure 10.4 Correct positioning of cuff.Figure 10.5 Electronic blood pressure monitor.Figure 10.6 Taking the temperature with a tympanic thermometer.Figure 10.7 BMI chart.Figure 10.8 Measuring arm length.Figure 10.9 Measuring MUAC.9 Chapter 11Figure 11.1 Accessory cephalic, median cubital and basilic veins.Figure 11.2 Insertion of a needle at a 15–30° angle.
10 Chapter 12Figure 12.1 Limb lead position by colour.Figure 12.2 Chest (precordial) lead placement.Figure 12.3 Correct placement of V5 and V6 (note the horizontal placement)....Figure 12.4 Incorrect placement of leads V5 and V6 (note the curvature of th...Figure 12.5 Wandering baseline.Figure 12.6 Muscle tremor.Figure 12.7 Electromagnetic interference.
11 Chapter 13Figure 13.1 Lancets.Figure 13.2 Finger prick.Figure 13.3 Dropping blood drop onto test strip.
12 Chapter 14Figure 14.1 Obtaining an MSU from a male client.Figure 14.2 Example specimen ports.Figure 14.3 Specimen pot with integral spoon.Figure 14.4 Collecting specimen of faeces.Figure 14.5 Swab with transport medium.Figure 14.6 Moisten the swab with 0.9% saline.Figure 14.7 Insert the swab into the anterior nostrils.Figure 14.8 Sweep the swab around the nares.
13 Chapter 15Figure 15.1 Raising concerns.
14 Chapter 16Figure 16.1 Examples of factors that can contribute to self‐harm.Figure 16.2 The cycle of self‐harm.Figure 16.3 Percentage difference between males and females who commit suici...Figure 16.4 The National Suicide Prevention Alliance.Figure 16.5 Risk factors associated with suicide.
15 Chapter 18Figure 18.1 The head‐tilt/chin technique.Figure 18.2 The recovery position.Figure 18.3 Flowchart for basic life support.
16 Chapter 19Figure 19.1 Pathway of pain transmission and interpretation.Figure 19.2 The ascending pain pathway.Figure 19.3 The verbal rating scale.Figure 19.4 A numerical scale.Figure 19.5 Visual analogue scale.
17 Chapter 20Figure 20.1 Poor body alignment.Figure 20.2 Areas of the body at risk.Figure 20.3 Fowler’s position.Figure 20.4 Semi‐Fowler’s position.Figure 20.5 Lateral position and 30° tilt.Figure 20.6 Tripod position and lean forward position.Figure 20.7 Supine.Figure 20.8 Prone.
18 Chapter 23Figure 23.1 The three layers of the skin.Figure 23.2 Atopic dermatitis.Figure 23.3 Eczema.Figure 23.4 Psoriasis.Figure 23.5 A type of pain assessment. Visual analogue scale.Figure 23.6 Common types of bacterial skin infections.Figure 23.7 Common site for pressure ulcers.Figure 23.8 Stage II pressure ulcer.Figure 23.9 Pressure ulcer development.Figure 23.10 An example of a body map.
19 Chapter 24Figure 24.1 Three layers of the skin sweat and sebaceous glands.Figure 24.2 Factors affecting skin integrity.Figure 24.3 Pressure ulcer to the plantar aspect of the heel.Figure 24.4 Pressure ulcer to the heel.Figure 24.5 Incontinence‐associated dermatitis.Figure 24.6 Pressure ulcer exacerbated by moisture lesion.Figure 24.7 The Cavilon range of products, which act to protect the skin fro...Figure 24.8 The impact of a wound on a person’s self‐esteem and body image....
20 Chapter 26Figure 26.1 Structures of the mouth.
21 Chapter 27Figure 27.1 Cross‐section of the eye.Figure 27.2 Eyelids and nasolacrimal system.
22 Chapter 28Figure 28.1 The nail.Figure 28.2 Cut the toenail straight across and then smooth the corners.
23 Chapter 29Figure 29.1 The skin.Figure 29.2 Fibrin meshwork and formation is a clot.Figure 29.3 An example of a wound assessment chart.
24 Chapter 30Figure 30.1 Stadiometer.
25 Chapter 31Figure 31.1 Adapted cutlery.Figure 31.2 Red Tableware can highlight people who need help.
26 Chapter 32Figure 32.1 Fluid distribution.Figure 32.2 Sources of intake and output volumes.Figure 32.3 Sample fluid balance chart.
27 Chapter 33Figure 33.1 The bladder, pelvic floor, muscles and sphincters involved in el...Figure 33.2 Rectal and anal muscles and sphincters involved in the eliminati...Figure 33.3 Bristol stool scale.
28 Chapter 34Figure 34.1 The bladder, pelvic floor, muscles and sphincters involved in el...Figure 34.2 Rectal and anal muscles and sphincters involved in the eliminati...
29 Chapter 35Figure 35.1 The organs of the renal system.Figure 35.2 Intermittent and indwelling urinary catheter.Figure 35.3 Indwelling urinary catheter.Figure 35.4 Urinary catheters and local anaesthetic gel.Figure 35.5 Catheter insertion into a male.Figure 35.6 Catheter insertion into a female.
30 Chapter 37Figure 37.1 Falls assessment.Figure 37.2 An example of footwear with a non‐slip sole.Figure 37.3 Bed rails assessment.Figure 37.4 Falls prevention and assessment.
31 Chapter 38Figure 38.1 Testing strength in patient’s legs.Figure 38.2 Testing range of movement in patient’s legs.Figure 38.3 Testing strength and range of movement in patient’s legs....Figure 38.4 Testing strength in patient’s arms.Figure 38.5 Encouraging the patient to move forward in the chair.Figure 38.6 Checking the patient’s sitting balance.Figure 38.7 Place your hand nearest the patient on their lower back.Figure 38.8 Alternatively place your hand on the patient’s iliac crest....Figure 38.9 Place your other hand on the patient’s shoulder.Figure 38.10 Encourage the patient to stand using clear instructions.Figure 38.11 Stay close to the patient when the stand.Figure 38.12 Use a palm to palm grip with thumbs tucked in.Figure 38.13 Fold slide sheet together with handles facing outwards.Figure 38.14 Fold both slide sheets together and place under the patient’s p...Figure 38.15 Both handlers face the head of the bed with palms facing upward...Figure 38.16 Inner hand goes under the slide sheet with the outer hand on to...Figure 38.17 Adopting a walk stance position pull the bottom section of the ...Figure 38.18 Both handlers work in unison as the slide sheet is unravelled....Figure 38.19 As the slide sheet goes under the patient the handler’s outer h...Figure 38.20 Adopting a walk stance position hold the top slide sheet with y...Figure 38.21 In a coordinated way move the patient up the bed using a weight...Figure 38.22 Continue until the patient is in the desired position.Figure 38.23 Alternatively if the bed head can be removed stand at the top o...Figure 38.24 Alternatively using both hands grip the top slide sheet at the ...Figure 38.25 If using both hands you must look at the opposite corner of the...Figure 38.26 Remove the slide sheets by pulling under from opposite corners.Figure 38.27 Keep your hands close to the patient as the slide sheet is remo...Figure 38.28 Remove the slide sheets in unison..Figure 38.29 Hoist showing SWL and service label.Figure 38.30 Hoist showing service label in detail.Figure 38.31 Hoist showing SWL in detail.Figure 38.32 Hoist showing Stop button and batter release button.Figure 38.33 Hoist showing emergency lower mechanism.Figure 38.34 Hoist showing handset in detail.Figures 38.35 Loop type sling.Figure 38.36 Clip type sling.Figure 38.37 Clip type spreader bar.Figure 38.38 Loop type spreader bar.Figure 38.39 Motorised standing and raising aid.Figure 38.40 Non‐motorised standing and raising aid.
32 Chapter 39Figure 39.1 Oxygen prescription on a medication card.Figure 39.2 The NEWS2 Scoring System.Figure 39.3 NEWS2 thresholds and triggers.Figure 39.4 NEWS2 Chart.Figure 39.5 Nasal Canulae.Figure 39.6 Venturi valves.Figure 39.7 Reservoir mask.Figure 39.8 Titration guideline.
33 Chapter 40Figure 40.1 Red and infrared light absorption by oxygenated and deoxygenated...Figure 40.2 Pulse oximeter.Figure 40.3 Pulse oximeter showing pulse detector and amplitude indicators....Figure 40.4 A peak flow meter.Figure 40.5 The airways and asthma.Figure 40.6 An example of a peak flow chart.
