52.6 Initiating the Utrecht suture pattern, begin the suture line pro...Figure 52.7 (a) and (b) Once the knot is secure, back place each bite at a 4...Figure 52.8 Tighten the incision by pushing the uterus away from the suture ...Figure 52.9 Completion of the Utrecht suture line to bury the knot.Figure 52.10 Note that as the Utrecht knot is tightened, the remaining sutur...Figure 52.11 This image demonstrates the accumulation of blood clots along t...Figure 52.12 Injection of oxytocin into the uterine wall prior to abdominal ...Figure 52.13 Cow cast in dorsal recumbency with both head and forelimbs tied...Figure 52.14 Regional anesthesia supplied by a line block utilizing 2% lidoc...Figure 52.15 (a) and (b) The gravid horn has been placed like a “sack” insid...45 Chapter 53Figure 53.1 Caruncles are arranged in four rows with each row approximately ...Figure 53.2 A schematic depicting changes required for normal fetal membrane...Figure 53.3 A fresh case of retained fetal membrane with minimal changes....
46 Chapter 54Figure 54.1 Known (solid arrows) and proposed (dotted arrows) mechanisms for...Figure 54.2 (a) and (b) Uterine discharge from cows diagnosed with metritis....Figure 54.3 Different grades of vaginal discharge visualized on vaginoscopy ...Figure 54.4 Ultrasonographic image of a dairy cow diagnosed with clinical en...Figure 54.5 Ultrasound image of a dairy cow diagnosed with pyometra at 125 d...
47 Chapter 55Figure 55.1 With the suture “doubled,” the first bite is made at the lateral...Figure 55.2 After first suture bite is taken, pull the needle through the lo...Figure 55.3 Continuous suture bites.Figure 55.4 After reaching the end of the wound, return. This would look sim...Figure 55.5 A rumen trocar placed from within the abdomen and directed outwa...Figure 55.6 Fluid flow through the trocar cannula from the abdominal lavage....Figure 55.7 Suture placement for circumferential suture in the vestibule of ...Figure 55.8 Deschamps needles. One of the instruments has been made longer. ...Figure 55.9 Transverse bridge formed by continuous mattress suture placed in...Figure 55.10 The uterus (uterine horn containing a mummified fetus) exposed ...Figure 55.11 Incision into the exposed uterine horn.
48 Chapter 56Figure 56.1 Fetus, omphalitis, and ascending bacterial infection from the pl...Figure 56.2 Chorioallantois and placentitis. The cotyledons are thickened wi...Figure 56.3 Chorioallantois and fungal placentitis; maternal aspect on right...Figure 56.4 Aborted fetus; opened chest and abdomen. The lungs are uninflate...Figure 56.5 Fetus and placenta. The fetus exhibits generalized red discolora...Figure 56.6 Aborted fetus with Trueperella pyogenes infection; opened chest ...Figure 56.7 Fetal liver section with hepatitis. Multiple tan foci of necrosi...Figure 56.8 Fetus with fungal dermatitis. Coalescing, mildly bulging, gray/t...Figure 56.9 Fetal liver. The surface is tan and coarsely irregular. This cha...Figure 56.10 Fetal monster. A thoracopagus with shared viscera and four fore...Figure 56.11 Palatocheiloschisis; cleft palate and lip (mandible removed).Figure 56.12 Chondrodysplasia; Dexter “bulldog” calf.Figure 56.13 Schematic representations of the fetus in‐situ during mid‐gesta...Figure 56.14 Normal placenta. Cotyledon has a red velvety surface. The inter...Figure 56.15 Normal fetus and placenta after 2 months’ gestation. The calf i...Figure 56.16 Calf with umbilical artery thrombosis. Bilaterally the arteries...Figure 56.17 Fetus and amnion (opened). The amniotic fluid and skin are stai...Figure 56.18 Fetus with white mineral grit present over the shoulder. Not to...Figure 56.19 Placental membrane examination method. (Left) The long axis of ...Figure 56.20 Opened uterus with mummified fetuses. Friable, non‐odorous, hem...Figure 56.21 Fetal mummy. The carcass is shrunken and contracted with diffus...Figure 56.22 Opened uterine horn with a macerated fetus. Bone fragments in p...Figure 56.23 Acardiac monster with umbilicus. A hair‐covered soft tissue glo...Figure 56.24 Chorioallantois, maternal aspect, with adventitial placentation...Figure 56.25 Chorioallantois, fetal aspect, with adventitial placentation. A...Figure 56.26 Fetus and placenta. The fetus is edematous (anasarca) with yell...Figure 56.27 Fetus with anasarca.Figure 56.28 Brain, dorsolateral aspect. Hydrocephalus, with collapse of cer...Figure 56.29 Fetus and placenta (amniotic surface exposed). The umbilicus an...Figure 56.30 Placenta, umbilicus, and fetal aspect of amnion. Numerous coale...Figure 56.31 Chorioallantois with uterine horn tips. The horn at the top is ...Figure 56.32 Hippomane and avascular chorion tip.Figure 56.33 Meconium aspiration; stillbirth due to severe neurologic malfor...Figure 56.34 Spina bifida; failure of proper development of vertebra, spinal...Figure 56.35 Hypospadia; failure of the ventral urethal fold to close from a...Figure 56.36 Chorioallantois with bacterial placentitis. Hemorrhage and fibr...Figure 56.37 Brain, coronal section. BHV‐5 necrotizing meningoencephalitis; ...Figure 56.38 Brain, dorsolateral aspect. Hydranencephaly and cerebellar hypo...Figure 56.39 Placenta with fungal placentitis and Aspergillus sp. Placentome...Figure 56.A1 Abortion case submission form: abortion diagnosis.
49 Chapter 58Figure 58.1 Infusion pipette and Pizzle Stick used for collection of smegma ...Figure 58.2 Positioning of smegma collection device in preputial orifice of ...Figure 58.3 Positioning of smegma collection device at preputial fornix of a...Figure 58.4 Smegma collected with the Pizzle Stick being transferred into Mo...Figure 58.5 T. foetus.
50 Chapter 62Figure 62.1 (a) Mummification of a bovine fetus following exposure of a preg...Figure 62.2 Cerebellar hypoplasia in a two‐day‐old Holstein calf. The calf h...Figure 62.3 Severe esophageal erosions and ulcers in a steer with acute muco...
51 Chapter 63Figure 63.1 (a) Schematic model of Schmallenberg virus virion morphology wit...Figure 63.2 Calf (a) and lamb (b) congenitally infected with Schmallenberg v...Figure 63.3 Calves congenitally infected with Schmallenberg virus born with ...
52 Chapter 64Figure 64.1 Gross changes in P. abortibovis‐infected fetuses: (a) fibrinous ...Figure 64.2 Gross and histologic changes of thymus in P. abortibovis‐infecte...Figure 64.3 (a) P. abortibovis‐infected thymus, modified Steiner silver stai...Figure 64.4 Published reports of trapped O. coriaceus (blue circles). Recent...
53 Chapter 65Figure 65.1 Life cycle of Neospora caninum.Figure 65.2 Transmission of bovine neosporosis. Oocysts are produced by the ...
54 Chapter 66Figure 66.1 Bovine mycotic placentitis produced by A. fumigatus. Cotyledons ...Figure 66.2 Photomicrograph of a lactophenol cotton blue‐stained slide of A....
55 Chapter 67Figure 67.1 Differences in estrus detection rate, pregnancy/AI, and 21‐day p...Figure 67.2 Differences between heifers and lactating cows in effects of hea...Figure 67.3 Seasonal changes in various characteristics of estrus in lactati...Figure 67.4 Seasonal variation in Brazil for oocyte competence for developme...Figure 67.5 Changes in developmental competence of oocytes harvested from Gi...Figure 67.6 Seasonal changes in fertilization rate in Holsteins in Wisconsin...Figure 67.7 Effects of heat shock (41 °C for 6 hours) on the ultrastructure ...Figure 67.8 Effect of level of milk production (high vs low) and the degree ...Figure 67.9 Pregnancy success after embryo transfer in cool and hot weather ...
56 Chapter 68Figure 68.1 Alpha diversity is the microbial diversity within a sample. Alph...
57 Chapter 69Figure 69.1 Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa). USDA‐NRCS PLANTS Database.Figure 69.2 Broom snakeweed (Gutierrezia sarothrae).Figure 69.3 Milk vetch (Astragalus spp.). USDA‐NRCS PLANTS Database.Figure 69.4 Silver lupine (Lupinus albifrons Benth).Figure 69.5 Arthrogryposis of hindlimbs (crooked calf).Figure 69.6 Poison hemlock (Conium maculatum). USDA‐NRCS PLANTS Database.Figure 69.7 Fescue foot: dry gangrenous dermatitis secondary to “fescue toxi...
58 Chapter 70Figure 70.1 AM in an Angus calf that was born dead. Note generalized muscle ...Figure 70.2 Developmental duplication in an Angus calf. Note the notomelia....Figure 70.3 Developmental duplication in Angus calves born dead. Note the pa...Figure 70.4 Neuropathic hydrocephalus in an Angus calf that was born dead. N...Figure 70.5 Oculocutaneous hypopigmentation in an Angus calf. Note the pale ...Figure 70.6 Calf with pulmonary hypoplasia with anasarca syndrome delivered ...Figure 70.7 Thorax of a calf with pulmonary hypoplasia with anasarca syndrom...
59 Chapter 71Figure 71.1 Number of bovine embryos produced
