per capita $4,100; real growthrate —22% (1991 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
420% (1991 est.)
Unemployment rate:
10% (1991 est.)
Budget:
revenues NA; expenditures NA, including capital expenditures of $NA billion
(1991)
Exports:
$8.4 billion (f.o.b., 1990)
commodities:
machinery and equipment 55.3%; agricultural products 15.0%; manufactured
consumer goods 10.0%; fuels, minerals, raw materials, and metals 18.4%;
other 1.3% (1990)
partners:
former CMEA countries 70.6% (USSR 56.2%, Czechoslovakia 3.9%, Poland 2.5%);
developed countries 13.6% (Germany 2.1%, Greece 1.2%); less developed
countries 13.1% (Libya 5.8%, Iran 0.5%) (1990)
Imports:
$9.6 billion (f.o.b., 1990)
commodities:
fuels, minerals, and raw materials 43.7%; machinery and equipment 45.2%;
manufactured consumer goods 6.7%; agricultural products 3.8%; other 0.6%
partners:
former CMEA countries 70.9% (former USSR 52.7%, Poland 4.1%); developed
countries 20.2% (Germany 5.0%, Austria 2.1%); less developed countries 7.2%
(Libya 2.0%, Iran 0.7%)
External debt:
$11.2 billion (1991)
Industrial production:
growth rate —14.7% (1990); accounts for about 37% of GNP (1990)
Electricity:
11,500,000 kW capacity; 45,000 million kWh produced, 5,040 kWh per capita
(1990)
:Bulgaria Economy
Industries:
machine building and metal working, food processing, chemicals, textiles,
building materials, ferrous and nonferrous metals
Agriculture:
accounts for 22% of GNP (1990); climate and soil conditions support
livestock raising and the growing of various grain crops, oilseeds,
vegetables, fruits, and tobacco; more than one-third of the arable land
devoted to grain; world's fourth-largest tobacco exporter; surplus food
producer
Illicit drugs:
transshipment point for southwest Asian heroin transiting the Balkan route
Economic aid:
donor - $1.6 billion in bilateral aid to non-Communist less developed
countries (1956-89)
Currency:
lev (plural - leva); 1 lev (Lv) = 100 stotinki
Exchange rates:
leva (Lv) per US$1 - 17.18 (1 January 1992), 16.13 (March 1991), 0.7446
(November 1990), 0.84 (1989), 0.82 (1988), 0.90 (1987); note - floating
exchange rate since February 1991
Fiscal year:
calendar year
:Bulgaria Communications
Railroads:
4,300 km total, all government owned (1987); 4,055 km 1.435-meter standard
gauge, 245 km narrow gauge; 917 km double track; 2,510 km electrified
Highways:
36,908 km total; 33,535 km hard surface (including 242 km superhighways);
3,373 km earth roads (1987)
Inland waterways:
470 km (1987)
Pipelines:
crude oil 193 km; petroleum products 418 km; natural gas 1,400 km (1986)
Ports:
Burgas, Varna, Varna West; river ports are Ruse, Vidin, and Lom on the
Danube
Merchant marine:
110 ships (1,000 GRT and over) totaling 1,234,657 GRT/1,847,759 DWT;
includes 2 short-sea passenger, 30 cargo, 2 container, 1 passenger-cargo
training, 6 roll-on/roll-off, 15 petroleum tanker, 4 chemical carrier, 2
railcar carrier, 48 bulk; Bulgaria owns 1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling
8,717 DWT operating under Liberian registry
Civil air:
86 major transport aircraft
Airports:
380 total, 380 usable; about 120 with permanent-surface runways; 20 with
runways 2,440-3,659 m; 20 with runways 1,220-2,439 m
Telecommunications:
extensive radio relay; 2.5 million telephones; direct dialing to 36
countries; phone density is 25 phones per 100 persons; 67% of Sofia
households now have a phone (November 1988); broadcast stations - 20 AM, 15
FM, and 29 TV, with 1 Soviet TV repeater in Sofia; 2.1 million TV sets
(1990); 92% of country receives No. 1 television program (May 1990); 1
satellite ground station using Intersputnik; INTELSAT is used through a
Greek earth station
:Bulgaria Defense Forces
Branches:
Army, Navy, Air and Air Defense Forces, Frontier
