Arc Welding Processes Handbook. Ramesh Kumar Singh

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ISO 15609-3, EN ISO 15609-4, EN ISO 15609-5, and EN ISO 15614. Till the last revision, the EN ISO 15614 had 12 parts dealing with specific topics on welding various materials like Steel, Aluminum, Cast Iron, Titanium, Copper etc.

The plan details all essential and non-essential variables that are important to achieve the quality of weld. These variables are welding process specific. Some of these variables are discussed in this book. In ASME section IX, these variables are listed specific to the particular welding process, they are subdivided into essential, supplementary essential, and nonessential variables. However, these variables are not specific to ASME but are in general agreement with welding technology.

Table 1.3 Shows the arc efficiency factors for various commonly used arc welding processes.

Welding process	Arc efficiency factor η
	Range	Mean
Submerged Arc Welding	0.91 - 0.99	0.95
Shielded Metal Arc Welding	0.66 - 0.85	0.80
Gas Metal Arc Welding (CO2 Steel)	0.75 - 0.93	0.85
Gas Metal Arc Welding (Ar Steel)	0.66 - 0.70	0.70
Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (Ar Steel)	0.25 - 0.75	0.40
Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (Ar Aluminum)	0.22 - 0.46	0.40
Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (He Aluminum)	0.55 - 0.80	0.60

Table 1.4 Indicates general limits of joining/welding processes that apply to the material listed in left column.

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Material

Welding processes

Other joining processes

SMAW

SAW

GMAW

FCAW

GTAW

PAW

ESW

EGW

RW

OFW

DFW

FRW

EBW

LBW

B

S

Carbon Steel

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

Low alloy steel

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

Stainless steel

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

Cast Iron

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

Nickel and alloys

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

Aluminum and alloys

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

Titanium and alloys

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

Copper and alloys