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Scrivener Publishing
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Beverly, MA 01915-6106
Publishers at Scrivener Martin Scrivener ([email protected]) Phillip Carmical ([email protected])
Environmental and Agricultural Microbiology
Applications for Sustainability
Edited by
Bibhuti Bhusan Mishra
Suraja Kumar Nayak
Swati Mohapatra
Deviprasad Samantaray
This edition first published 2021 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA and Scrivener Publishing LLC, 100 Cummings Center, Suite 541J, Beverly, MA 01915, USA
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
ISBN 978-1-119-52623-0
Cover image: Pixabay.Com
Cover design by Russell Richardson
Set in size of 11pt and Minion Pro by Manila Typesetting Company, Makati, Philippines
Printed in the USA
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Preface
The indiscriminate use of agrochemicals, resulting in an increasing concentration of synthetic contaminants in the environment, is a matter of great concern across the globe. These chemicals or their toxic intermediates enter into the food chain and are subjected to biomagnifications. Moreover, contaminants from industrial discharges like effluents, solid waste and exhaust air, radioactive substances, hydrocarbons, etc., worsen the scenario. The sustainability of the ecosystem is strongly influenced by the microbial community from natural resources. The pivotal role played by microbes in effectively degrading these environmental contaminants may even be better than conventional methods. Microbes’ innate capacity allows them to degrade, utilize and/or transform a plethora of both organic and inorganic substances, including persistent and recalcitrant agrochemicals, metals and minerals and different xenobiotic polymers which have been successfully used for remediation of pollutants in the biosphere.
In the agricultural milieu, application of microbes is the focus of the day, with an emphasis on plant-microbe interactions. These interactions are complex and may be antagonistic, mutualistic or synergistic, depending on their microbial diversity and association with the host and environment. With the involvement of microbes, complex chemical substances essential for sustaining life are being transformed into available forms that are easily absorbed by plants. In addition, microbes are also involved in biofortification of elements through recycling, resulting in enhanced growth and productivity.
Though books pertaining to soil and agricultural microbiology/environmental biotechnology are available, there is a dearth of comprehensive literature on the behavior of microorganisms in the environmental and agricultural realm covered in this book, which makes it unique. This book is divided into two parts, with chapters that embody the sustenance and life cycles of microorganisms under various environmental conditions, their dispersal, interactions with other inhabited communities, metabolite production and reclamation. Part 1 of the book includes topics on bioremediation of agrochemicals by microalgae, detoxification of chromium and other heavy metals by microbial
