The Complete Guide to Japanese Kanji. Kenneth G. Henshall
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均一 KIN’ITSU uniformity
一人 hitori* one person
A simple single stroke to represent ‘one’. Unsurprisingly, a similar convention was employed in ancient Egyptian hieroglyphic writing and in Sumerian cuneiform. References: SS1984:27; QX2000:32.
Mnemonic: ONE FINGER
2
L5
右
U, YŪ, migi
right
5 strokes
右派 UHA rightist faction
左右 SAYŪ control
右手 migite right hand
Originally represented by
Mnemonic: RIGHT HAND TO THE MOUTH
3
L5
雨
U, ame, ama-
rain
8 strokes
雨季 UKI rainy season
大雨 ōame heavy rain
雨雲 amagumo rain cloud
OBI
Mnemonic: RAIN FROM HEAVENLY CLOUDS
4
L5
円
EN, marui
round, yen
4 strokes
円形 ENKEI circle
円高 ENdaka strong yen
百円 HYAKUEN hundred yen
The modern simplified form of 圓, a relatively late graph (Shuowen) which consists of 囗 (regularized shape for ‘circle’) with 員 248 (‘official’, originally ‘cauldron’) as phonetic; included by Tōdō in word-family meaning ‘round; surround’. 円 may be based on a cursive form of 圓. References: YK1976:69; TA1965:63-4. We suggest taking the graph as resembling a bank teller’s window.
Mnemonic: ROUND YEN COINS AT THE BANK TELLER’S WINDOW
5
L3
王
Ō
king, ruler
4 strokes
王子 ŌJI prince
女王 JOŌ queen
王様 Ōsama king
OBI
Mnemonic: KING RULES WITH AN AX
6
L4
音
ON, IN, oto, ne
sound
9 strokes
音楽 ONGAKU music
子音 SHIIN consonant
発音 HATSUON pronunciation
Precise etymology disputed. Early bronze equivalent
Mnemonic: SOUND OF THE RISING SUN
7
L5
下
KA, GE, shita, moto, shimo, sageru, oriru, kudasaru
under, lower
3 strokes
下品 GEHIN vulgarity
低下 TEIKA decrease
川下 kawashimo downstream
OBI
Mnemonic: T-BAR WITH DROOPY LOWER HANDLE UNDERNEATH
8
L5
火
KA, hi
fire