of the Modern Japanese Reader,” in Text and the City, trans. James A Fujii (Durham: Duke University Press, 2004), 224.
180 Pik-chong Agnes Wong Chan, Liu Shifu (1884–1915): A Chinese Anarchist and the Radicalization of Chinese Thought (Diss., University of California, Berkeley, 1979), 66.
181 T.S. Eliot, Selected Prose of T.S. Eliot, ed. Frank Kermode (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1975), 81–86; Ret Marut, trans. Michael L. Baumann, qtd. in Michael L. Baumann, B. Traven: An Introduction (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1976), 100.
182 Thomas Hastie Bell, “On Freedom and Bolshevism: A Letter by T.H. Bell to Charles Erskine Scott Wood,” Freedom 1.1 (Jan. 1, 1933): 8. The term “philosophical anarchist” generally denotes an embrace of anarchist ideas without a corresponding anarchist practice beyond the conduct of one’s personal life.
183 Interestingly, apart from a few early appreciations—e.g., among participants in New York’s Ferrer Center (1911–1914), such as the American anarchist James Huneker (1857–1921), who had included him in his Egoists: A Book of Supermen (New York: Scribner, 1909)—William Blake seems to have joined this “canon” very belatedly, in the late-twentieth century, well after his rediscovery by early-twentieth century modernists like Yeats.
184 Gustav Landauer qtd. in Ben Hecht, A Child of the Century (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1954), 306; Leonard D. Abbott, “The Anarchist Side of Walt Whitman,” The Libertarian 2.5 (March 1926): 232.
185 Charles J. Stivale, “Louise Michel’s Poetry of Existence and Revolt,” Tulsa Studies in Women’s Literature 5.1 (Spring 1986): 41; Julian Levinson, Exiles on Main Street: Jewish American Writers and American Literary Culture (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2008), 128; Anonymous, note to Heinrich Heine, “The Weavers,” Liberty 5.10 (Dec. 17, 1887): 1; Michael Schwab, “Autobiography of Michael Schwab”, in The Autobiographies of the Haymarket Martyrs, ed. Philip S. Foner (New York: Monad Press, 1977), 111.
186 Joseph Harrington, Poetry and the Public: The Social Form of Modern U.S. Poetics (Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 2002), 106.
187 Louis Untermeyer, The New Era in American Poetry (New York: H. Holt, 1919), 235.
188 Charles Erskine Scott Wood, “This—Our World,” in An Anthology of Revolutionary Poetry, ed. Marcus Graham (New York: Active Press, 1929), 288.
189 Theodor W. Adorno, Minima Moralia: Reflections From Damaged Life, trans. E.F.N. Jephcott (London: Verso, 1978), 247.
190 Landauer, Revolution, 127–137; Rothen, “Littérature.”
191 Edgar Rodrigues, O Anarquismo na escola, no teatro, na poesia (Rio de Janeiro: Achiamé, 1992); Tereza Ventura, Nem Barbárie Nem Civilização! (São Paulo: Annablume, 2006), 18.
192 Georges Duveau, La Pensée ouvrière sur l’éducation pendant la Seconde République et le Second Empire (Paris: Domat-Montchrestien, 1948), 63–64.
193 Louise Michel, The Red Virgin: Memoirs of Louise Michel, eds. and trans. Bullitt Lowry and Elizabeth Ellington Gunter (Tuscaloosa, AL: University of Alabama Press, 1981), 16–17, 111–117; Salaün, Romancero libertario, 19–20; Read, The Philosophy of Modern Art (New York: World, 1953), 119.
194 Walter Fähnders, Anarchismus und Literatur (Stuttgart: Metzler, 1987), 98, 64.
195 Ferran Aisa, La cultura anarquista a Catalunya (Barcelona: Edicions de 1984, 2006), 264; Gonzalo Espino, La lira rebelde proletaria (Lima: TAREA, 1984), 34; Joseph Déjacque, Les Lazaréennes. Fables et chansons, poésies sociales (Nouvelle-Orléans: J. Lamarre, 1857); Rey, “Poesía popular libertaria,” 179.
196 Stéphane Mallarmé, Œuvres complètes, ed. Bernard Maréchal (Paris: Gallimard, 1998), 309; Archibald MacLeish, “Ars Poetica,” Poems, 1924–1933 (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1933), 1.
197 Ventura, Nem Barbárie, 16; Daniel Armogathe, “Mythes et transcendance révolutionnaire dans la poésie de Louise Michel,” in À travers la vie et la mort: œuvre poétique, eds. Daniel Armogathe and Marion V. Piper (Paris: F. Maspero, 1982), 10.
198 Salaün, Romancero libertario, 35.
199 William Wordsworth and Samuel T. Coleridge. Lyrical Ballads, ed. R.L. Brett (London: Routledge, 2007), 300.
200 Jonathon Culler, Literary Theory: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000), 76; and The Pursuit of Signs: Semiotics, Literature, Deconstruction (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2002), 137.
201 William Butler Yeats, Mythologies (London: Macmillan, 1959), 331.
202 Goldman, Living My Life, Vol. 2 (New York: A.A. Knopf, 1931), 706; Paul Avrich, The Modern School Movement: Anarchism and Education in the United States (Oakland, CA: AK Press, 2006), 170–171.
203 Daniel Tobin, “Modernism, Leftism, and the Spirit: The Poetry of Lola Ridge,” in Light in Hand: Selected Early Poems of Lola Ridge, ed. Daniel Tobin (Florence, MA: Quale Press, 2007), xxx.
204 Lola Ridge, “Reveille,” The Dial 66.791 (May 31, 1919).
205 See Colson, Petit lexique, 121–123 and 257–272 on what he calls “force plastique” and, after Deleuze, “the power of the outside.”
206 Lola Ridge, “The Song of Iron,” The Ghetto, and Other Poems (New York: B.W. Huebsch, 1918), 15, 17–18; John Donne, “Holy Sonnet XIV,” in Metaphysical Poetry: An Anthology, ed. Paul Negri (New York: Dover, 2002), 4.
