The Invention of the Jewish People. Shlomo Sand

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The Nation: Boundaries and Definitions

       From Ideology to Identity

       From Ethnic Myth to Civil Imaginary

       The Intellectual as the Nation’s “Prince”

       2. MYTHISTORY: IN THE BEGINNING, GOD CREATED THE PEOPLE

       The Early Shaping of Jewish History

       The Old Testament as Mythistory

       Race and Nation

       A Historians’ Dispute

       A Protonationalist View from the East

       An Ethnicist Stage in the West

       The First Steps of Historiography in Zion

       Politics and Archaeology

       The Earth Rebels against Mythistory

       The Bible as Metaphor

       3. THE INVENTION OF THE EXILE: PROSELYTISM AND CONVERSION

       The “People” Exiled in 70 ce

       Exile without Expulsion—History in the Twilight Zone

       Against Its Will, the People Emigrate from the Homeland

       “All Nations Shall Flow Unto It”

       The Hasmoneans Impose Judaism on Their Neighbors

       From Hellenistic Sphere to Mesopotamian Territory

       Judaizing in the Shadow of Rome

       How Rabbinical Judaism Viewed Proselytizing

       The Sad Fate of the Judeans

       Remembering and Forgetting the “People of the Land”

       4. REALMS OF SILENCE: IN SEARCH OF LOST (JEWISH) TIME

       Arabia Felix: The Proselytized Kingdom of Himyar

       Phoenicians and Berbers: The Mysterious Queen Kahina

       Jewish Kagans? A Strange Empire Rises in the East

       Khazars and Judaism: A Long Love Affair?

       Modern Research Explores the Khazar Past

       The Enigma: The Origin of Eastern Europe’s Jews

       5. THE DISTINCTION: IDENTITY POLITICS IN ISRAEL

       Zionism and Heredity

       The Scientific Puppet and the Racist Hunchback

       Founding an Ethnos State

       “Jewish and Democratic”—An Oxymoron?

       Ethnocracy in the Age of Globalization

       AFTERWORD

       ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

       INDEX

      Preface to the English-Language Edition

      This book was originally written in Hebrew. My mother tongue is actually Yiddish, but Hebrew has remained the language of my imagination, probably of my dreams and certainly of my writing. I chose to publish the book in Israel because initially my intended readers were Israelis, both those who see themselves as Jews and those who are defined as Arabs. My reason was simple enough: I live in Tel Aviv, where I teach history.

      When the book first appeared in early 2008, its reception was somewhat odd. The electronic media were intensely curious, and I was invited to take part in many television and radio programs. Journalists, too, turned their attention to my study, mostly in a favorable way. By contrast, representatives of the “authorized” body of historians fell on the book with academic fury, and excitable bloggers depicted me as an enemy of the people. Perhaps it was this contrast that prompted the readers to indulge

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