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the morality and goal of contemporary hermeneutics. Rather than mere neutral, changing interests, he argues that these shifts comprise a series of evasive ‘undoings,’ which are postmodern reactions to modernity’s faith in objective reason and morality. First, there is the undoing of the author. This is tied to a suspicion of metaphysics, often exhibited in various forms of non-realism. Characteristic of this undoing is the denial “that language corresponds to some non-linguistic presence.”373 For example, for Saussure and Derrida,374 there is no thing signified, only signs pointing to other signs.375 Hence, meaning is not signified by linguistic signs in texts,376 because there is nothing ultimately outside texts (or at least anything able to be known intelligibly).377 This introduces a gap between authorial intent and verbal meaning in which intentionality is not prior to systems of language nor even ascertainable by the intender.378 Perhaps most significant for our purposes is that to whatever degree there is an undoing of the role of the author, authority is undone.379 Even in Gadamer, there is a recognition that the birth of the reader is not the death of the author—only the death of an absolute author.380 This is an especially pertinent point. The very nature of the Bible and its subject matter testifies to its own authority to speak to the contemporary reader as the very word of God, with absolute authority.
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