on the coast of Eastern Africa from Krapf, cvii; the Portuguese ride and its fall, cviii; inscription over the gateway of Mombasa; rise of the 'Amman Seyyeds of Maskat and Zanzibar, ex; Varthema's inland excur- sion at Mozambique, and the illustration it affords of the dealings of the civilized with the uncivilized, cxi.
Varthema's arrival in Europe, and conclusion of his narrative, cxii.
The Editor's acknowledgments to various gentlemen, cxiii.
Postscript. On the site of the ancient city of Bengala.
Further evidence as to the existence of Bengala as a city and port distinct
from Satgong and Chittagong, cxiv; some authors, however, mention the two latter and not Bengala, cxvii; abstract of the data as to these three cities afforded by the principal old maps in the British Museum, cxix; Bengala appears for the last time in 1740 ; the site of Bengala, and its probable destruction by the river as supposed by Rennell, cxx.
Advantages of Travel, from the Arabic.
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TRAVELS OF LUDOVICO DI VARTHEMA.
(The headings in the larger type are those of the original text.)
Privilege of printing granted to Varthema by Raphael Bishop of Portueri
and Cardinal of St. George, the Pope's Chamberlain.
Dedication to Countess of Albi and Duchess of Tagliacozzo, 1-4.
First Chapter concerning Alexandria, 5.
a 2
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Chapter concerning Cairo, 5, 6.
Size of the city, 5 ; Sultan, Mamelukes, and Moors, 6.
Chapter concerning Baruti, Tripoli, and Aleppo, 6, 7.
Sails to Baruti (Beyroot), 6; St. George and the Dragon, 7; goes to Tripoli, ib.; to Aleppo, ib.
Chapter concerning Aman and Menîn, 8.
First Chapter concerning Damascus, 8-11.
Beauty of Damascus, 8; Varthema learns Moorish (Arabic); Castle of Damascus; story of its builder, a Florentine, 9; government of Damascus under the Sultan of Cairo, and oppressive exactions, 10; watchmen, 11.
Second Chapter concerning said Damascus, 11, 12.
Riches; fruits and flowers; water and fountains, 11; Mosque of St. Zachariah; legendary sites of St. Paul's history and others, 12.
Third Chapter concerning [the Mamelukes in] Damascus, 13-15.
Mamelukes, their training, pay, and customs, 13; rudeness to ladies; dress of ladies; divorces; cheese, milk, and goats, 14 ; truffles; dress of Moors; Mameluke oppression; Christian merchants, 15.
BOOK CONCERNING ARABIA DESERTA.
Chapter showing the route from Damascus to Mecca, wherein
some Arabs are concerned, 16-19.
Varthema joins the caravan to Mecca in the character of a Mame- luke; travels to Mezeribe, 16; Zambei a great Arab lord; his plun- dering excursions; Arabs described, 17; numbers in the caravan, and its marshalling; length of the journey to Mecca; food of camels; halts to water, 18; fights with the Arabs at watering places; excel- lence and skill of the Mamelukes as soldiers, archers, and horsemen, 19.
Chapter concerning the city of Sodom and Gomorrah, 19-21.
Valley of Sodom; barren and blood-red soil, 19; deaths from thirst in the caravan; mountain with a well, and fight with 24,000 Arabs; camel intrenchment, 20; black-mail paid; fight renewed and many Arabs killed, 21. ,
Chapter concerning a mountain inhabited by Jews, 22-25.
Mountain in which dwelt Jews, naked, short and black, 22, 23 ; tank of water, and turtle-doves, 24; arrives at Medinathalnabi (El- Medinah); barrenness round it; palm-garden; fables about Maho- met's tomb denied, 25.
Chapter concerning where Mahomet and his Companions were
buried, 26-28.
The mosque described; books of Mahomet and his Companions, 26 ; tombs of Mahomet, Haly, Babacher, Othman, Aumar, and Fatoma, 27; dissensions of Mahometan sectaries, 28.
Chapter concerning the Temple and Sepulchre of Mahomet and
his Companions, 28-31.
Superior of the Mosque tries to trick the caravan, 28; Varthema' s Arabic, 29; pretended supernatural illumination of the sepulchre, 30; no truth about the loadstone, 31.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Chapter concerning the journey to go from Medina to Mecca, 31-35.
Pilots of the caravan, 31; well of St. Mark, 32 ; sea of sand (which should have been mentioned before the Jews' mountain) and its dangers, 33; remarkable mountain and grotto, 34 ; two fights with Arabs; arrival at Mecca ; four brothers fighting for the lordship thereof, 35.
Chapter showing how Mecca is constructed, and why the Moors
go to Mecca, 35-37.
Description of Mecca, 35; its governors; caravan enters the city, 36; barrenness round the city renders it dependent for food on foreign parts, 37.
Chapter concerning the merchandize in Mecca, 38.
Chapter concerning the pardoning in Mecca, 38-41.
The Great Temple or Mosque described, 38 ; the tower (El-Kaaba), 39; the well, 40; ceremonies performed by the pilgrims, 41.
Chapter concerning the manner of the sacrifices in Mecca, 42-46.
Sacrifices of sheep at a mountain; poor pilgrims, 42 ; discourse of the Cadi; returns to Mecca; stone-throwing, and legend of its origin, 44; doves of Mecca, 45.
Chapter concerning the unicorns in the Temple of Mecca, not very
common in other places, 46-49.
Chapter concerning some occurrences between Mecca and Zida, a
port of Mecca, 49-52.
Varthema recognized as a European by a certain Moor, 49 ; but pro- fesses to be a Mahometan convert, 50; the Moor conceals him in his house, and the Damascus caravan departs, 51; whilst Varthema goes with another caravan to Zida (Juddah), 52.
Chapter concerning Zida, the port of Mecca, and of the Red
Sea, 52-54.
Zida
