‘Gastronomy’.
103 www.wttc.org. www.unwto.org.
104 The matter of tourism destination competitiveness is dealt with in several articles, recently by: Mazanec, Josef A., Wöber, Karl, and Zins, Andreas H. (2007). ‘Tourism Destination Competitiveness: From Definition to Explanation?’. Journal of Travel Research, vol. 46, 86-95. Govers, Robert, Go, Frank M., and Kumar, Kuldeep (2007). ‘Promoting Tourism Destination Image’. Journal of Travel Research, vol. 46, 15-23.
105 UNESCO. Cultural Heritage: www.unesco.org.
106 Heritage tourism is dealt with by: Jamal, Tazan and Kim, Hyounggon (2005). ‘Bridging the Interdisciplinary Divide: Towards and Integrated Framework for Heritage Tourism Research’. Tourist Studies, vol. 5, 55-83. Bonn, Mark A., et al. (2008). ‘Heritage/Cultural Attraction Atmospherics: Creating the Right Environment for the Heritage/Cultural Visitor’. Journal of Travel Research, vol. 45, 345-354.
107 US Census Bureau (2007). Statistical Abstracts of the United States. Museums, Historical Sites, and Similar Institutions: www.census.gov.
108 Crafts Council and Arts Council of England & The Arts Council of Wales (2004). Making It in the 21st Century. A Socio-Economic Survey of Crafts Activity in England and Wales, 2002-2003: www.craftassoc.com.
109 Paskaleva-Shapira, Krassimira A. (2007). ‘New Paradigms in City Tourism management: Redefining Destination Promotion’. Journal of Travel Research, vol. 46, 108-114.
110 European Travel Commission (2005). City Tourism & Culture. The European Experience. ETC Research Report: www.etccorporate.org.
111 New York City: www.nycvisit.com
112 EU/Leidner. The European Tourism Industry in the Enlarged Community, 7-25.
113 Dolnicar, Sara and Leisch, Friedrich (2003). ‘Winter Tourist Segments in Austria: identifying Stable Vacation Styles using bagged Clustering Techniques’. Journal of Travel Research, vol. 41, 281-292. www.wikipedia.org: Tourism.
114 Except for seasonal and regional tourism, cross-combinations of tourism have emerged, too, including for instance sport tourism, see Ritchie, Brent W. and Adair, Daryl (Ed.)(2004). Sport Tourism. Interrelationships, Impacts and Issues. Tonawanda, New York: Channel View Publications.
115 A number of issues focusing on the relationship between sport and tourism are dealt with in: Journal of Sport & Tourism, vol. 11, no. 1, 2006.
116 PWC. Global Entertainment and Outlook, 534-562.
117 Milman, Ady (2001). ‘The Future of the Theme Park and Attraction Industry: A Management Perspective’. Journal of Travel Research, vol. 40, 139-147.
118 Smelsen and Baltes. International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, ‘Art’. www.wikipedia.org: ‘Performing Arts’, ‘Arts’.
119 Howkins. The Creative Economy, 102-103.
120 Americans for the arts (2006). Arts & Economic Prosperity III. The Economic Impact of Non-Profit Arts Organizations: www.artusa.org.
121 International Festivals and Events Association (IFEA): www.ifea.com.
122 International Special Events Society (ISES): www.ises.org. IFEA: www.ifea.com.
123 Association of Event Organisers, Contractors and Venues (AEO): www.aeo.org.
124 Special Events Magazine: www.specialevents.com. ISES: www.ises.org.
125 The Convention Industry Council (CIC): www.conventionindustry.org.
126 International Association of Exhibitions and Events (IAEM): www.iaem.org.
127 Reed Exhibitions: www.reedexpo.com. Reed Elsevier: www.reedelsevier.com.
129 www.extraordinary-events.com.
131 www.vok.nl.
132 www.stevekemble.com.
133 Dallan, J. Timothy (2005). Tourism Shopping, Retailing, and Leisure.
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